IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corpordtion 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY    MS80 

(716)  872-4S03 


%o 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 

1980 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  Images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


E 


□ 


D 


D 
D 


0 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagie 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pelliculie 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  g6ographiques  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  binck)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  itd  filmdes. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  M  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mithode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous. 


Tl 
to 


D 
D 


D 
D 
D 
D 
D 
D 

n 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pelliculdes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachet^es  ou  piqu6es 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ddtachdes 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  indgale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  M  film^es  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Tl 

P< 
o1 
fil 


O 
b( 
th 
sii 
ol 
fil 
sii 

Ol 


Tl 
sli 
Tl 
w 

M 
di 
er 
b( 

"! 
re 
m 


D 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires; 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

y 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


tails 
1  du 
odifier 
une 
mage 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thenks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  the  Public 
Archives  of  Canada 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
begir.Kirg  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustsated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — »>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exemplaire  film*  fut  reproduit  grAce  6  la 
ginArosit*  de: 

La  bibliothdque  des  Archives 
publiques  du  Canada 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  At*  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  da  la  condition  at 
de  la  nettet*  de  l'exemplaire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  ies  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  ImprimAe  sont  film6s  en  commen9ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  fiimis  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreintt) 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  —^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE ',  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film6s  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich*.  il  est  film*  A  partir 
de  Tangle  sup*rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n*cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


errata 
to 


I  pelure, 
on  d 


n 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

TTtTT 


J  «.^<'W 


rs 


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'  ''''''••'■"•»••»••»•  t  tJ?!  .»»■,  TTTT 


Indiana  Hisloricai  Sociel;/  Pamphlets. 


No.  ''! 


LOUGHERY'S  DEFEAT 


(AND 


PIGEON   ROOST  MASSACRE. 


WITH   iNTRL:E[.rCT[jRY   S'-'ETuK, 


nv   <•(!  AIMJ'!-    M,ViMi\h.\!.l.; 


TliK   i:..U  K\   MKUin,;.  (    ,..  !'r ui.isni  t; 


if 


INDIANA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 


Hon.  W.  H.  Enoi.ish,  Presldeut. 

Ukn.  John  Cobukv,  lut  Vice-Pirealdent. 

Wm.  W.  Woolen,  2d  VJce-Pres.  and  Corresponding  Kec. 

JiTiMJK  I).  W.  Howe,  3d  Vlce-Piesldont. 

W.  DbM.  HtwPKH,  Treasurer. 

J.  P.  I)i;nn,  Jr.,  Uceordlug  Secretary. 


The  Society  !)«!•  undertaken  the  publication  of  a  number  of  painphle!« 
of  \vi.it!lithe  tlr»tfour  are  now  on  sale: 
No.  1.    The  L.aw'n  and  CoiirtH  of  NorthireMt   and  Indiana  Territorleit. 

By   DnMlt?l  Waile  Howe.    The  Bowen-MerriU    Co.    Indianapolis. 

18«l.    Priee,  25  cents. 
No.  2.    The  Life  and  Services  of  John   B.  Dillon.    By  Gen.  John  Colniin 

and  Judge  Horac  ■  P.  Biddle.    The  Bowen-Merrill  Co.    Indlunapo- 

iim.    1886.    Price,  25  cents. 
No.  8.    Th«>  Aci|uiHftion  of  Ldulsitiana.    By  Judge  Thoniais  M.  Cooley.    The 

Ikiwen-MerrilK'o.    Indianapolig.    1887.    Prlcr>,  i5  cents. 
No.  4.    Louichery'M    Dt-feat  and  Pi|ir«*ou    Itoost    MasHaore.      My  CharlcH 

Mnrt  ndiile.    Tne  Bowen-Merrlll  Co     Indianapolht.    1H87.    Price, 

25  cents. 
These  pfunph lets  are  print^'d  ani  sold  for  the  beneflt  of  the  Indiana 
Historical  Society  It  la  the  purpose  of  the  Society,  to  publish,  fron»  time  to 
time,  other  original  papers,  and  to  reprint  rare  and  valuable  documents 
relating  to  t  lie  history  of  the  State.  With  a  view  to  the  general  circulation 
of  Its  pui)lication8,  they  will  be  Issued  in  cheap  form,  the  small  price  char^^ed 
for  then*  l)elng  for  tlie  purpose  of  defra.ving  the  <  xpenseof  pubiictitton, 

A.    L.   Roach »;, 
A.  C.  Hakkis 

J.  R.  Wll^SON, 

W.  Dk.M.  H<HH'KK, 
J.  P.  DlNN.,  Jit., 

Kxin-ulive  <.'oni. 


Indiana  Historical  Scciety  Pamphlets. 


:^0-     4:. 


[Jll 


~1 


7!  n 


w 


A  N  D 


FIGEDN  RDQS?  MA5SACR 


n 


WITH  INTRniiUCTaRY  SKETCH. 


I'>v   rilAlMJvN    .MAirnXDALK 


I  MH.WA  I'd  I.  IS  : 
THK   r.oW  KN-.Ml,i;i{,I,l,  i  . »..   I't  i!i,i-iii:i:-^ 

I  N». 


ifH 
US-] 


/7. 


r-f    ,      -^ 


.'      *?     ,< 


/       ' 


/     A^ 


7 


INTRODUCTION. 


T  pon   the  suriviMior  of   Post    Vineonnes  to    (*ol,   GeoiN^o 
«o.jrors  (Mark,  Kobniary  24.  1770,  tliat  dauntloss  warrior  im- 
inediatoly  hoiriui  planninir  a  oaini)aii,ni  lor  t..e  roduetion  of 
Detroit.     He  says:     'Detroit  oi.ene.l  full  in  our  view.     In 
1lie  fort  at  tliat  place  there  were   not  more  than  oiglity  men 
—a  ^'reat  ])art  of  them  invalids— and  we  were  informed  that 
many  ot  the  ]»rinei))al    inhal)itants  were  disattected   to  the 
Kritish  eaiise.     The  Indians  on   uur  route  we    knew   would 
now.  more  tlian  ever,  be  eool  toward  tiic  En<,dish.     ^-      ^>      -v- 
We  could  now  auirment  our  forces  in   tins  quarter  to  about 
tour  l.undre<l  men.  as  near  half  the  iid)al)itants  of  Post  Vin- 
<ennes  would  Join  us.      KentucUv.  we  su]>i.o.sed,  could  immc- 
<iiately  iurnish  two  hundred  men,  as  thero  was  a  certaintv 
of  receivuiir  a  i,n-eat  addition  of  settlers  in  the  spring.     AVith 
our  own   stores,  which   we  had   learned   were  safe  '^jii   their 
])assa,ire,  added  to  those  of  the  British.'  there  would  not  be  a 
^n\^\o  article    wanting-    for   an    expediti>n   aijainst    Detroit. 
\Ve  privately  resolved  to  embrace  the  object  that  seemed  to 
eourt  our  acceptance,  withr>ut  delav.  i^nvniir  the  enemv  no 
time  to  recover  from  the  blows  thev  had  received:   l)ut  we 
wished  u  lo  become  the  object  of  the^soldierv  and  the  inhab- 
itants before  we  shoubl  .sav  aiivthinir  about  'it. ""     *     '!'     :■<     :;c 
Early  in  the  month  of  Mardl  -1  laid  before  the  ofticers  mv 
piaiKs  for  the  reduction  of  Detroit,  and  explained  the  almost 
certainty  of  success,  and  the  |)robabilitv  of  Ueepinir  possession 
of  It  until  we  couM  receive  succor  from  the  States.'     '-:<      *      * 

In  short,  the  enterprise  was  <leterred    until   the of  June 

when  our  troops  wc-e  lo  ren.iezvous  at  Post  Vincennes.' 
mt  wlien  the  ai)pointed  time  came,  the  troops  sent  from 
V  iririnia  under  (\)1.  .Moiitiromery  numbered  only  one  hundred 

o./nTMrnrtl'.v'\!  H"T'^^'  ^'•?''"  ""^^  provi.sions,  aboul  IKMHKt  worth,  hH.1  boon 
rhyday1.1'^^^;L':;'r\SVMr"^  "''  ^'^'  '^'"''"'^  "^^*-^'-  for  that  purpose  :.!! 


L<»l  (ill  Ein   S    ]»KKK.\T. 


aii<l  fifty,  and  from  Ki-iiiiifk  y,  instoutl  oC  t  lii'r*-  liini<liu'(|  mimUm' 
Col.  .lu'liii  liciw man.  tln-fc  caiiu'  Init  thirty  voluiili'ors  ini(i»'r 
('apt.  .Mr(iai-y.  \"l(|('<l  in  llii.v.  tli«'  |ia|M'r  iinmi'y  witli  wliicli 
\\\v  t'\|)t'<lit ion  wa>  >ii|»|»iit.'<l.  lia<l  .so  tl('|iri'ciati'<l  that  it  was 
almost  valmU'ss.  ami  ihr  |iuiThas»'  ol  pi'ovision.s  was  impossi- 
l»h'.  Kor  tluvst'  iH-asoiis  tlu'  cainituiLCi'  ^vas  doti'iTcil  ti»i-  {\\v 
prost'iit.' 

Ill  tlu'  Spriiiir  "f  17>!<'.  ai't«'i'  coriv'-^itoiKlcMci'  with  (Jov. 
,I«M«M'st)ii,  ot  X'iruinia.  ("ol.  ClarU  Wcu-aii  to  rolK-ct  .stoi-cs  ami 
)»rt'pa  H'  hoals  at  llu'  (  )hi(»  Tails  for  iho  cxprditioii  ai:;aiiist 
iK'ti'oit.  Much  was  hop<M|  r<»i'  in  \' ii'i^inia  tVom  tlu-  t'avora- 
l)lo  liisposition  of  tho  ('anadiaiis  and  the  prostin-c  whii  h  tho 
succi'ssi's  of  this  yi'ai'  in  ilu'  Noi-lh  and  South  had  i;ivi'ii  to 
tho  Anu-rirans  amonir  the  Indians.-  in  tlu'  tasU  of  propara- 
li<»n.  the  utmost  disc(mra::;t'monts  wi-i'c  nu'l.  In  tlit'  fall  of 
17^0  tliorc  was  i^i-cat  distress  iVom  lark  of  ju'ovisions  at  Vnvl 
.IctlV'i'son  on  thf  Mis.si.ssippi  at  tlm  mouth  of  tlu-  ()hio.  at 
KasUasUia  and  at  NinciMUK's.  l)ishi>m'st  practices  l»y  aii'«'nts 
and  otlict'i's  were  wastinir  the  n-sourcv's  of  tlu-  Stato.  |)is- 
pnlc's  as  to  authority  woiv  I'ili;.  Ilfspcct  and  contidoncf  in 
('lark  sri'Mis  about  tlu'  only  thim;-  thai  In-ld  the  soldicrv  in 
anythiiiiC  like  disciprnii'.*  Thr  au«Mils  of  the  ijfovi'rnmcnt 
wci'f  distrusted  l>y  the  pi'o|>U'  and  their  drafts  on  the  Ti'eas- 
ury  taken  with  much  rcdintanre.  hesrrtions  were  <-ouslaiii  ly 
i^oiiiii"  on.'  Slow  pro^M'ess  was  made,  and  in  thf  meantime 
the  Indians,  who  were  hel  I  in  triendly  relations  only  l»y 
lilteral  presents,  tindinu'  the  supplies  cut  oil' at  the  frontier 
posts  and  lii'lnu"  hi'ou^-ht  o\i'r  to  the  inlei'est  ot  the  MnLjlish. 
iieu'uu  to  harry  the  outlyinu'  seitliMuents.  In  heeemln'rof 
1  T'sO.  (lov.  .letl'erson  is.siu'd  an  ordei- to  t  he  ( 'ounty  LiiMiten- 
ants  ot  iln'  ti'ontier  i-ounties  of  \'iriiinia  lex'yiui;'  delaidiments 
t'l'om  the  militia  to  join  the  e.\pe(lit  ion  at  the  Falls  of  the 
<)hio.  Thest"  ordu's  ar<Mise<l  the  ino-t  si  nlihorn  op|>osition 
I'rom  the  peopU-  of  thost'  etuinlies  and  protests  were  made 
from  lu'i'keley  and  (Jr^'enliriei'  Counties  which  set  forth  the 
ilaiiii'er  to  their  inhaldtanis  ti-om  Indian  incursions  "''  ''  ■■ 
mililia  wi'i'e  furl  her  weakened  hy  d«'taclimenls.       The 


f  tlu'ir 
militia 


U'lurli's  >[s.  Mciiiuir^;  I  Ml  Ion's  Hist.  I  ml..  (  hap.  \v. 

-\'irL'iMiu  Stall-  l'ii|>''is.  \i«l.  I.  itp.  ■Jll-.tiMi 

!  Id  JLVJ. 

Hit-tier  of  liicli;ir.l  Wiii<.ti>ii  tn  ( 'ol.  .Jik,.  Toild.  Vi  ruin  in  Stiih-  I'apcrs.  Vol.  I 
j>  .Wi;  Ivftlti-  of  Kt.ht  (ii-oi-iii'  to  I  ol.  «i.  R.  Cliii  k  Id.  p  :{<J:  also  letter  of  Jolii). 
Williams  .-inil   Leo.  Helm.   •  Id.  •i-s;; :   Id.  .{"mi. 

"Vlrjiiiiia  .state  l'Mper<.  \ol.  I  j..  lii|-:i;s. 


I.ol  (illKltV  s    ItKKKAT 


men  jvfiisfd  to  ()1m'\-  ihc  <lrM('l.  On  .Imiiiarv  IS.  17SI.  ( 'ol. 
< 'liirk,  wriliiii;  lo  tin'  <  JovoriKM'  ol  N'ii'u-iiiia  ^.•l^  s:  ••]  have 
r\!imiiii'(l  your  |ii"o|>(»s»'i|  iiist ni(ti<»ii>.  I  (lun't  itcoUimI  dt 
aiivlliiiiii-  iiioi-f  ihal  is  ii«'ci's>ary  t'xcr|ii  tlic  iii(hI«>  (»t"  paviiii^^ 
till'  t'XjK'ii.sos  of  tilt'  u^ari'isi.ii  at  |)iMi'oit.  in  case  ot  smc<m'ss.  as 
sn|t|»optini;- (Mil  crt'dit  anioim"  si ra Hirers  may  !»<•  ai  U-nilcil  wiih 
U'i'cal  ami  i^-ood  fons<'(|iiciict's.  :iml  my  foriiH-r  ('.\|u'ri«'iM'fs 
iiKliicc  me  to  wish  it  to  Ik-  tlu'  cast*  wlicr*-  I  liavi-  tlic  lioiiop  to 
<'ommaml.  I  \\diil<l  also  .ihsrrvc  to  y..iir  lv\r,.|lt'm'\-  that  I 
could  wisli  to  set  out  on  tins  cxiuMliiion  iVcc  I'l-nm  anv  r<lii<'- 
lanrc,  wliicli  I  doiild  1  caniiol  do  wit  hunt  n  salisfjidorv 
e.Nplanal  ion  of  the  t  r«'at  incnl  of  ihc  \'ii'u-iiiia  d(d«'i;atr>  in  ('(ni- 
UT»'ss  to  nic,  in  ithjcciiiin-  to  an  a|i|toiinnn'nt  dt'sii-'ncd  lor  mc. 
which  y(»iir  I'lxccllcmy  cannot  lu-  a  straiii^-cr  to.  I  could  wi>h 
""'  1<»  !•<'  tlioiin-ht  lo  solicit  )»f(»inotion.  and  that  my  dutv  to 
mysidf  did  not  ohli^c  nic  to  transmil  tlu'>c  x-nlimciits  to 
yoii.  'I'I't'  treatment  I  have  >:'enerally  met  with  Ifoni  this 
Slate  hath  |u'«'judiced  me  as  far  as  convivtcnt  in  her  inter- 
est and  I  wish  not  to  he  distnisicd  in  l  he  execution  of  her 
<M'der  hy  any  Cmtineiiial  Colonel  that  may  ite  in  ih»'  coun- 
tries that  1  have  hiisim-ss  in.  which  I  doiihl  will  he  th<'  ca>e. 
althoiiw-h  tlu'  ojMlcrs  of  the  ('ommamU'i-  in  ("hiet  is  vcrv 
jiosiiive."' 

On  l"\duuai'y  HMli  he  wrote  the  ( iovernor  of  \'iru'inia. 
st'Itinn-  toi'lh  theu'i'eat  la<l<  ot  arms  and  his  (|isa|i]ioint  mciit 
at  the  want  (»f  nu-n.  and  iveejxed  tVom  ( ioveriitn- .letlcrson 
an  encouran-inu-  leller  notityiim-  him  thai  he  had  oluained 
leave  from  J)aroii  Steii'Mcn  for  Col  .1.  (iilKoii  lo  attend  as 
m-xt  in  command  and  thai  with  (ien«-ral  Washinu'ton's  i-econi- 
mendation  he  ho|>ed  to  have  Col.  (nhson  s  i-eninicnt  attached 
to  Clark  s  (-(.mmand  .  A  letter  written  on  .Mar(di  l'7  to  t he 
(i(»vernor  of  \'iro-inia  contains  the  following- :  ••lis  a  vcrv 
alarminu- circumstance  lo  me  that  if  the  Frederick.  Ih-rki-leV 
aml  Hampshire  militia  Ikmiiu-  excused  from  the  NW-stern 
service.  I  maki'  no  douht  hut  thai  u'ood  |iolic\-  miu-ht  re- 
qu.re  it.  I  sus|)eci  -d  it.  hut  six  or  seven  hundred  men 
deducted  from  two  ihousand.  is  wvy  <-oii^i(l,'raide,  i  shall 
never  think  otherways  than  that  tlu'  militia  >A'  tiiesc  counties 
would  have  marched  with  cheerluhicss,  had  tliev  not  heen 
oncourai^vd  to  the  contrary,  ("id.  (iihsons  reu-iiuent  will 
make   some   amends,  but   tar  from  fijlino-  uj,  the  hiank  ;  pci-- 

i  III.  p.  «i. 

2  Id.  .">(»4.  ^ 

,  Id., Ml, 


6 


LurOlIERY  S    I>KKKAT. 


liajiM  \vi'  mnv  <!<>  il  l»y  volunti'iTS  troiii   lliis  (jniii'ttT.      [    frti 
tlu'  <li>tiVN>  of  my   (•(uiiiti'V  mid  sliall   drvotf    niysi'lf  to  it?* 
iiiti'ivst.     But,  Sir.  it'  any  iiiistortuiK's  shall  lia|t|K'ii,  1   liavi- 
thf  (•oiisolutioii  to  lio|K'  iIk'  <  aiisc  will  not  l>o  iiiisplac'inl.     My 
situation    is   truly    iJiNauTi't'aWU' :   llu'   most   dairini:'   atti'mpts. 
would   \tv  atrrt'tai»K'  to  nu-  was  tlu-ri'   notliinu;  Imh   di-atli  to- 
ti-ar.      Hut     iiior*'   1    coiici'ivi'    to  Ik*    dt'|KMidini;    at    pri'MMi'. 
To  lie  rtiinj'  into  mv   situation  l)V  a  set  (»t'  men  tlial   ai'r  iioi 
lioMori'd  with  tlio  sontiim-nts  of  a  soldiiT.  is  ti'uly  disaLCrrca- 
l)lo.      I  liojtt' thi'si' iCt'iits  alluiU'd  to  will  livo  to  rcpiMit  ot  their 
conduct.     ( 'onscious  of  tlu'  I'cctitndc  ot'  the   orders  of  (io\- 
ernment    ai;i;ra\ate    the  ijuilt  ot'   these  jxi'sons   in  my  ideas, 
and     <-annol     refrain    from    •nvin.';     those,    mv     sentiments, 
thou^^h  it  may  retU'cl  no  inmor  to  mo.'"' 

('<»i.  hro;i<lhea<l    refusini;  to  allow  ('ol.  (iihson's   rei.^dnif'iit 
to    l>e   <leta<'hi'(i    nn    this  e.\])edition.  ( Mark  wrote  to  (ieneral 

\Vashini,M(»n   from    F<»i't    IMtt,  .May   20,  17S1,  aHUini;  I'Xpli*  it 
orders  to  Col.  liroa<lhead  to  this  end.     In   his  letter  1m'  say>: 

•The  advantau'cs  which  must  deri\i'  to  the  States  Irom  our 
jirovini;  siiccessful.  is  of  such  importanc*'  that  1  think  df- 
scrvc'il  greater  prejtarations  to  insuiv  il.  Jiut  1  liavi-  not  ycl 
h>st  sii^iit  ot'  i)etroit.  Nothiiiii;  seems  to  threaten  us  luit  thi' 
■want  (d  men.  iJiit  even  should  wv  he  al»le  to  cut  our  \\ay 
throuLrh  the  Indians  and  Hnd  ihey  liave  no  reinforce- 
ments at  I)<'troit,  we  may  iirohahls'  have  t  he  assurance  to 
attack  il.  though  oar  force  he  much  less  than  jiroposed.. 
which  was  two  thousand,  as  defeatinii-  the  Indians  with  in- 
considei-ahle  loss  on  our  side  would  aliiHtst  insure  us  success. 
SluMild  this  be  the  case,  a  \aluahh'  p«'ace  will  jirohalily  ensue. 
But  on  the  contrary,  if  w*-  fall  throiiii'li  in  our  |»rcsciit  |»lans 
ami  no  e.\|»eiliiion  should  take  phue.  it  is  to  be  ti'ared  thai 
tlieconsei|uences  will  be  t'atal  to  the  wlwde  frontier,  as  every 
exertion  will  be  made  by  the  Jiritisli  jiarty  to  harass  them  as 
mindi  as  j)()ssible — ilisable  them  trom  ixiviiiii'  any  succor  to- 
our  Eastei'ii  or  Soutlu'rn  forces.  The  Indian  war  is  now 
more  ijeneral  than  ever.  Any  attenij)t  lo  ui>[ioast'  them  will 
be  fruitless."- 

Wriliiii;  to  the  rrovornor  of  ^'il•u•inia  under  date  of  May 
23.  he  says  :  ••The  Continental  oflicci's  and  soldiei's  of  this 
department,  to  a  man.  is  anxious  for  the  expedition  supjiosed 
ai^'ainst  the  Indians.  The  country  in  ireneral  wishiiiir  it  to- 
take  place.     But  too  lew  think  of  going,  and  so  great  u  coii- 

» Id.  p.  oJI7. 

i  Virginia  Stuto  Paper,  Vol.  2.  p.  10«. 


LOrUIIERY  S    KEKEAT. 


trn*.t  botwccn  tho  people  of  the  two  StateH  in  tlii«.  <|iiai-ter 
that  no  method  ean  l)e  taki-n  t(»  liu'et-  ihem  ((•  war.  \V»'  aie 
laUinir  every  >tep  in  <Mir  power  to  rai>e  vohintet-rs.  What 
luinihcr  we  shall  u'rt  I  rant  ixuesH.  1  <ioul>t  too  Ji'w.  'I'lie 
•  lisaitpointMU'Ut  of  sfveu  hnndred  men  honi  l'>»rl\elev  and 
liamp-liire  I  am  afraid  is  too  i;reat  a  stroke  to  rerovrr.  uh 
in  fact,  the  irr«'ali'st  pai't  of  this  conntry  is  in  snl>ordinalioii 
neither  to  I'ennsyjvania  nor  \'ir<;inia.  (ieneral  Wasjiintrton 
informs  nu-  that  he  had  reecived  inlorniation  ihat  Col.  (on 
nelly  had  left  .W-w  York  with  a  (K*sii;ii  to  makt'  a  diversion 
in  the  eonntries  to  he  reinli>reed  l»y  Sir  John  .lohnsun  in 
Ivanady.  I  doiiht  Sir,  we  shall  he  ohlin-t-d  to  plav  a  desper- 
ate u-ame  t  his  eampaiirn.  It  we  had  the  I  wo  i  ||oiisan<l  men 
first  |»r()posfd.  siu-li  intelliu'enci'  \M>nld  trive  tur  |>h'asnre. 
\\\  the  ;^n'eatest  exertions  and  your  tiimly  supplies  of  in«Miev, 
\\v  have  the  hoats  ami  provisions  expected  in  t his  (juaiter 
nearly  complete.  I  propose  to  leavt-  this  ahoiil  the  l.'Mh  ot 
June  if  we  can  imlxtdy  a  sntlicient  niinilM'r  of  men  h\  that 
tinu'.  I  do  not  yet  despaii'ot  seeing- the  |iidposed  ohjecl  on  tol- 
eral»le  terms,  althoiinh  our  eircnnistaiici's  is  ratio  r  udoomw 
Colonel  Crockett  and  reii'iment  arriveil  u  few  da\^  |»ie«l.  who 
int'ornied  me  that  a  company  or  two  nt  vidnnleer^  niii,dil  ho 
exju'cted  (I'om  {•"'rederi<d<  and  Berkidi-y.  I  am  sorr\-  we  are 
so  (drcumstanceil  as  to  he  ulad  to  I'ceeive  tlo-m. 

it    hecame  apparent    hy    .^uuiisi    1st    that    it   woiijil  he  ini- 
possihle  to  raise  the  nnnd»er  of  nien  i-ciniired  tor  the  exccii 
t  ion  of  tiie  plans  ai:"ainsi   |)eU'oii.     ( 'ojoncl  ( 'lark  wa>>  <^n-eai  Iv 
disa))pointed  and  wrote  trom    Wheeliny-  to   the  ( it)\ei'nor 'd 
N'ii'UMnia.  AuiiMisi  4.  sayini;; 

•I  make  no  donht  hnt  it  was  alarm  to  yoii  that  I  had  not 
left  this  country.  Whot'Ver  nndertakes  to  raise  an  arni\  in 
this  (piartc'r  will  Hnd  liim>elf  disappointed  i-xcept  t  he  law  wa.s 
of  u'reater  fon-e  and  not  di'pendini;  on  the  wills  ol  the  popu- 
lace. This  country  calls  aloud  Tor  an  cxjietlition.  wishini^; 
me  to  put  it  in  execution,  hut  so  straiigidy  intatualed  (hat 
all  methods  1  have  heen  ahle  to  pursue  will  not  draw  them 
into  the  fitdd.  We  have  made  <lrafts  to  no  purpose,  (iov- 
ernoi"  lieed  has  also  written  to  them  to  no  etti'ct.  From  the 
time  [  found  I  wa.s  to  he  disappointed  in  the  troo()s  oidered 
hy  the  (lovernment.  I  heu'an  to  suspect  the  want  of  men 
which  is  now  the  case  when  evei'v  thinir  else  is  jircparcd.  ' 
■I  <'ould  m>t  i;et  Colonel  (lihson's  re<;imeiu.  otherwise  I 
should  have  heen  gone   long  .since,   l»ut   had  to  make  up  tho 

1  Id.  p.  117. 


h  I.Kl  (JIIKHV  S    liKKKAT. 

flcliciciicy  l»y  \oliiiilccrs.  Itiii  tiiiiliiiu'  no  .•ii'u'iniH'iil  art'  Mirti- 
fit'iii.  I  (l«t(  rmiiM'il  1m  (Hill  ilicri-  Iciixinu'  ii(»  >ii>in'  iint unii'«l 
liy  w  liich  llifv  mi;ilil  lu-rrullc!' ('N<mi»«-  llu'insflvcs.  ' 

•'riisiiv*'  llic  i:•.'l^^i^t>ll  ol'  l'iii>lmri:'  trnin  liciui.'' cVMciiMlrd.  I 
liM\f  liiM-ii  <tlilio(.,l  i»»  sjiMi'i'  iIm'Mi  ;i  (•(»iiNi(lci':ilili' i|ii:iiility  ot 
flour,  hut  \v\  li:i\»'  «'iioiiirli  to  <|(i  xiiiic!  Iiiii:^"  <|(\(  r  !i:i<l  I  luni. 
I  liavr  )'»'liii(|iiislu"l  my  r\|i('(i;ilioiis  rdnliv!'  to  tlif  plans 
ln'rcloforc  lai'l.  ;iii<l  shall  ilrop  ilown  ihr  l»'i\ cr  wil  li  what 
iiii'ii  I  liavc.  Miiioiiiil iiii;'  lo  alioiii  t'oiir  liiiinli'i''l,  foiisist inu' ot' 
('rockfits  ri'^iiiiciii .  ( 'raii:' >  ari  ill<i\  .  vojimicci's.  Ac  If  I 
liii<l  a  |ii'os|M'ri  o|  coiuitit'l  iiiii"  in\'  forces,  in  any  oi  lict-  luunt  ry 

I  shall  'io  ii  a'i<l  iiKikt'  iii\  si  imUcs  ;ic(nr(|i  iiM'  to  (•irciiiiisiniicrs. 

II  I  (iiHJ  il  tMit  ol  my  |io\\('r  to  do  anylhiiii;"  of  iMi|»oiMaiif»'.  f 
>liall  ilis|Misc  (iT  ill,'  |>  ildic  stores  to  tlic  liTcalcst  a'lvaiilaLi"*' 
ami  <|iiii  all  tiiftln-r  llioi,i^-ht>  ot'  t'iilrr|irisi'   in  this  (|Mai'lt'i'.  ' 

■•  1  <lo  no!  \c!  ronilcniii  m\  sell  lor  unilci'takiiii:'  1  he  vxjx'ilit  ion 
ai;'ainst  |>ftroii.  I  yet  ihink  li;nl  I  m-ai'thf  ntimlirr  ot  men 
tirsl  |iro](. IS, .(|.  .should  lia\  f  rarricd  it.  I  may  \  ti  malo' ^onu> 
sli'okrs  amon^'  tin-  Imliaiis  licturf  ihc  ii<)si>  ,.t'  thf  cami'aiLi'n. 
lull  at  jtrcstMit  really  to  Ite  (iiiiiliic(i.  I  lia\  i'  lieen  at  -o  iniK'j) 
piiiiis  l,»  cnnlilf   iis   i(»  jtrosfciitt'  the  lifst   plan  thai  the    'li->;ip- 

poihlinelll     is     «|oill'l\'      mortil\ihU'    to    me.    jUnl     I     teel     I'or    the 
dreadltll  e,mse,|ii,'ne('>-  ih.Mt    will  elisil,'  1  hrouu'hoiit    the    Iron! 
ier  il  not  hinLi'  i^  done.      Thi-  eonni  ry  alr«'ady  iie^'in  to  siisju^ei 
Il    and  to  inviie  nx'  to  eNeeiite  soint'   plans  ol'  tlit'lr  own  l>ul 
I  shall  no  longer  I  rust  them."' 

.\  letlei'  hy  .\|;i|(.r  ('fo^han  lo  (',.|  Win.  I>a\i-  written  at 
l''ort  Tilt.  .\ii::ust  1st  h.  M'i\  cs  tin-  iiitlu-mal  ion  that  "a  lew 
<lays  ;iL.'o  (len.  ('I:irke  s^.t  dill  from  this  country  hy  water 
with  aliont  r<>ur  humlred  men.  iiieludini;-  otiieers  and  ('«d. 
('rock, '11  s  rei:,inieiit .  tlalleriiiii'  hims,'ll  h,-  wtuild  he  joined  hy 
soUM'  more  troin  Kenluckv  and  thf  I'^alU  of  (  >hio  ahoui  halt' 
way  het  Wt  ell  t  his  Mild  the  |';dls.  The  (  ieuel'al  r\  p*'cl  oil  l..")!**! 
men  from  this  purl  of  the  eoiiiilry  and  is  much  chai;"rine  1 
at.  his  fljsappoinl  men l.ha\' ill u"  pi'o vision,  a miiiiiiiil ion.  artillery. 
(|iiarteriuasier  s  ^lorcs.  ho.-ils.  Ac.  sntljeienl  liu-  upwards  ot 
'J. (MM)  men.  Il.'ul  the  country  peopU-  turned  out  and  ii'oiic 
with  him.  I  ha\»'  no  (loiiht  the  people  on  this  >idc  llic  moun- 
tain, in  |tai'licular.  would  he  s»'nsihle  ot  ihe  a<l\ainau'e  t hey 
must  rcnp  hy  bcinii'  :tl»l''  to  live  at  their  plantations  wiihoiil 
the  drca<l  ot  hein^'  se;,|ji,'(|.  which  is  tar  I'rom  hein^'  ihe  case 
at  present,  tew  days  J>;lsslll^•  w  it  hoiil  the  I  ndia  lis  doi  iiu'  mis- 
cliii'f  of  this  kind." 


1  Virguiia  stnt,   ri>|it  r^.  \',.l.,  II  p.  .VM. 


I 

i 


I.ortillKHVS    I>KFKAT 


9 


-T  iiuioli  fcai-  tlio  (uMicr.'il  will  W  (lisa))j)(>inio(l  in  u-fttin.r 
nu'ii  down  till'  IJivri- fnun  Kentucky  and  tiu'  Falls.  "  If.,,? 
tho  State  Is  thrown  into  an  infinity  of  t-xpenso  without  any 
advantjiiiv,  as  the  lew  men  the  (ioiiei-al  now  has  is  not  nn.iv 
than  inii,dit  In*  necessary  to  nujunj  tju-  o-,-oat  miniher  ol  h.>at-. 
stoi-i's.  Aic.  he  has  with  him.  " 

••Fi-oin  every  account  we  have  the  I  ndians  ni'e  |MV)>ai'ini; 
to  receive  hinu  and  if  they  should  attack  him  in  his  present 
situation,  eithei-  hy  land  or  water.  J  dread  the  conse(|Ucnce-. 
The  reason  so  few  w«"nt  with  him  iVom  this  ]. lace,  is  owinu- 
to  the  dispute  thai  suhsi.sts  here  hetween  the  \'iroiMians  :ind 
I'ennsylvanians  I'espect ini.r  liie  ti  ue  Ixmnds  of  the  latter,  and 
lln-  (ieneral  heinn'  :»  ^'il■,i:•illian  was  o])])osed  l»v  th.-  most 
noted  men  here  of  the  Pennsylvania  party,  the  peoj.le 
here  ])liuue  \'iro-iiiia  very  mu<'ii  for  makinu' them  and  their 
lands  Uvhich  l)eyond  the'shadow  of  a  doid>t  is  lar  out  ol'  ihe 
ti'ue  iiounds  (»(  Pennsylvania  lover  to  P«'nns\  Ivania.  and  i 
am  assured  will  never  he  content  until  the 't  I'ue  h<.uiwl>  ot 
I*ennsyr\ania  is  run.  'I'is  t i-iu'  they  are  u'oini:"  to  lain  what 
tliey  call  a  tern])orary  iH.undary.  hut  so  much  inju-tice  is 
done  to  the  Stale  of  Nir^-inia  am'l  the  peoj,!,.  \vli.>  arc  iiuw  in 
it.  and  hy  this  scandalous  impositii.n  will  Ih.  forced  into 
Pennsylvania,  that  nothinu'  hut  discord  will  i-ei^-n  until  the 
'"Minds  is  i-uii  a.u-reeahie  to  tin-  words  of  t  In?  charier  of 
IV'iiiisylvania."' 

It  had  "neeii  u'lven  out  that  this  expedition  was  au-ains|  the 
Indians  of  the  Nori  li-wcsi.  and  the  desin-ns  on  Detroit  were 
kept  in  tin*  l)ack<;-rouiid.  hut  nevertheless.  1^'anl.  the  Indian 
riiief.  was  well  into;nu'd  as  to  its  |»iirposc.-  It  was  Clark  s 
intention  lo  |)rocecd  up  the  lii--  Miami  Piverand  lirM  attack 
Ihe  Shawnee  towns  on  that  river.  Put  slll,^^.,|uentlv  he 
chano-cd  his  plans  and  decided  to  make  the  l-\il|s  ..f  ihe'ohi.. 
his  hase  of  operal  ion. 

('ol.  Arcdiihald     Laiti.i-hery   oy    Louiiherv    was   the   <'ouni\ 
Pieiitenanl  ^of   Westmoreland    County.    Pen  nsvlva,  ia.    and 
njion    Clark's   re((uisition    he    rai>ed    and    proviiled     with   an 
oiilHt.    priiici|.ally   a!    the   expense   of   hiniselt    ami    Captain 
P'oherl  Orr.  a  |)ai'ty  of  (,im'  hundred  and  si'veii  mounted  vol- 
unteers.     'Phis  company  remlezvoiiscd  at    Carnahaiis  P.lo.k- 
house,  (deven  miles  west  <d'  llaiinastown.  on  AuuMist  2.  17>P 
and  marched  \)y  way  of  Pittshiirij,- to  poi-t  llenr\?  Whc.dinu', 
Avhere  they  arrived   on  the  Sth  ahoul  twelve  hours  alter  Col. 
Clark,    with   all    thi>    men.    l)oats   and  stores  he  could  u-ather 

Ud.  31').     -'I.cttcrto  r.onl  (tLortro  (icrmain.  A  pfi-Muti  \. 


10 


LOr<lHERY  H   DEFEAT. 


had  (l('pnrUHlJoavin<;  or<k'i's  for  Col.  Loui^Iutv  to  rt)llow  and' 
ovortaUc  liim  at  tlu'  moiitli  of  Little  Kanawha.  St-voral 
days  wvvo  coiisuincd  by  Col.  JiOiiu:ho!'y  in  i^^cttiniif  started. 
Ill  thi'  nu'aiitinu'  Clai'k's  men  hei^an  lo  desert.  Loiii;hery 
a|»i)r«.'hendcd  Meiitenant  Haker  and  sixteen  men  who  were 
desertin<;  from  (Mark  at  Kishinir  ('reck.  To  prevent  deser- 
tion Col.  Clark  was  ohliifed  to  jtroeeed  from  the  Kanawha, 
U'aviniT  a  h'lter  atlixed  to  a  ])ole  directinir  fioni^hery  to  tol- 
loNV  to  the  Kails  ot'  thi'  Ohio.  Louirhi'i'ys  stores  and  foraire 
iXave  out  at  this  point  and  he  detaeheil  Caj>t.  Shannon  with 
seven  men  in  a  small  boa;  to  ovei'take  Clark'  and  secure 
siip|>lies.  This  dotaehmeiit  had  not  ])roceeded  far  when  the 
Indians,  who  wei'c  carefully  watchinii;  tlu'  expedition,  cap- 
tui'cd  Shannon  and  all  ot  his  men  hut  two  and  also  obtained 
a  letter  to  Col.  Clark  di'tailiuij;  li<iuu'hervs  situation.  .lose))h 
Brant,  with  (»ne  hundred  Indian  warriors,  lay  in  wail  to 
attack  Claidv  at  the  luouth  of  the  Miami  IJiver.  ])ut  Clark 
passed  in  the  iiii;lit.  and  tlu'  Indians  beiiiii-  afraid  of  the  can- 
iu)n  and  the  number  of  men.  did  not  molest  him.  but  con- 
cliideil  to  wait  tor  IiOUi;diei'y"s  jiarty.  It  is  said  that  the 
Indians  placed  ihe  prisoners  they  had  taken  in  ii  conspicuous 
]>osition  on  the  north  shore  of  the  Ohio  l^iver  and  promised 
to  span'  their  liv^'s  on  condition  that  they  would  hail  L(Uiu'h- 
ery's  party  and  induce  them  lo  land  and  sui'render.  llow- 
I'vei"  this  nmy  have  Ikhmi.  at  about  l(lo"clock'  on  Auu'ust  24th. 
Loui;"hery  liavinn-  reache<l  an  attractive  sj)ot  al>out  ten  miles 
helow  the  mouth  (tf  (he  liiu"  Miami,  near  the  j)i'esent  town  of 
A  ui'ora.  Deal" born  C< unity.  Indiana,  la nde(l  (ui  t  he  noi-th  side  of 
the  <  )hio  I\i\  er  in  the  mouth  ot'  a  cre(d<  which  has  since  been 
<alled  Kouudiery  s  Crei'k.  The()hio  iJiver  was  vei'y  low  and  a 
iarii'e  sandbai'  cxlemhMl  tVom  ihe  si^utli  almost  across  to  the 
north  l)ank  of  ihe  rivi-r.  Col.  Louudierx's  j^arly.  wearied 
with  their  slow  ami  laborious  ju'o^^ress  and  discourau'ed  by 
the  failure  to  overtake  Clark's  army.  remove(l  their  horses 
ashore  and  tin-neil  them  loose  to  U'vd  while  some  of  the  men 
eut  <i;rass  sufliciont  t(»  keej)  them  alive  until  they  should 
reach  the  Kails.  ,V  buffalo  Imd  l>een  killed  and  all  were  en- 
uait'ed  in  ])re]>arini::  a  meal,  when  the  Indians  apjteared  on 
both  si<h's  of  the  river  and  liei^au  tiring-  from  the  woods 
The  soldiers  seized  their  arms  and  made  a  defense  an  \oui^  af- 
their  ammunition  held  out.  An  attempt  was  made  lo  escajie 
by  the  boats,  but  they  were  so  unwieldy  and  the  watei*  sc^ 
low  that  the  Indians  cut  them  off.  Cnable  to  escajie  or  de- 
fend  themselves.   Col.    Loui^'ierv  surrendered.      Brant,  the 


LOUdHERY  »    DEFEAT. 


II 


fiidian  (Miief,  says  tl»irty-six.  incliulini;  fivo  oflicers,  wwc 
kilU'd  and  sixty-tour  nuulo  pi'isoiiors.  Oiio  or  two  oscapc*!^ 
Imtdid  not  reach  honu' tor  sevei'al  months  al'tcrward.  Loui^h- 
c'l'V  was  tomahawked  by  a  Shawnee  Indian  alter  the  l)attU' 
while  sittini;'  on  a  h)ii".  ami  all  the  wounded  who  were  iinahle 
to  mar(di  were  similarly  dis|>atel)ed.  The  ])risonei"s  wei'e 
mai'ehe<l  eiirht  miles  u))  the  Aliami  liivei*  to  an  f  iicam])meiit 
where  the  Indians  were  Joined  by  one  hundi'ed  white  men 
under  eommand  ot  ('a|>t.  Thom])son  and  three  hundred  Indi- 
ans undei'  C'a)»t.  MeKee,  both  Jiritisli  oflicers.  All  of  tiio 
British  and  Indians,  with  Brant's  band  ot  wari'iors.  went 
ilown  au'ainst  the  Kentucky  settlements  as  tai'  as  the  Falls  ot' 
the  ()hi<^.  leaviiiij;  a  seru'cant  anrl  eiii'hteen  men  t(»  i^uard  the 
prisoners.  Xo  attacdc  was  made  on  Clark's  army,  however. 
The  ])iMsoner.s  weiv  taken  to  Detroit  and  sent  troni  there  to 
.Montreal. 

The  disaster  to  LoulcIu'I'v  was*  the  culmination  of  the  misHir- 
tunes  to  this  ilKated  expedition.  All  tlioUi!:ht  ot  aeconiplisii- 
ini;"  anythinL!,-  more  than  the  destruction  of  Indian  villaires. 
was  abandoned,  \othin_u'  of  note  was  done  until  the  fall  of 
17S2.  when  anothei'  expedition  was  oruani/ed  and  movini;' 
i'a]»idly  from  Wheelinii"  destroyed  thelaru'c  Shawneetowns  on 
the  .Miami  and  tlu'  liritish  posts  as  Jar  north  as  Lake  Mi'ie. 

liieutenant  Isjiac  .\mlerson,  who  succeediMl  to  the  com- 
mand of  Shannon's  company  alter  tlu'  caj)ture  of  the  lattu', 
has  kejit  a  diary  of  the  cxp^Mlition  from  the  stai't  at  ('arii.i- 
han's  Block'  House,  includini;'  the  tiu'ht.  cajitivily  and  his 
woiiderfid  escape  li'om  Montri'al  and  trip  through  the  wilds 
of  Maine.  Connecticut.  New  York  and  Bennsylviuiia  to  his 
home,  ^riiis  diary  is  now  i?i  the  ])ossession  of  his  son  Jnaac 
[I.  Anderson,  who  resides  at  \'«.'nice.  (  lioss  P.  O.)  Ohio,  and 
the  diai'V  is  also  copied  in  Mc Bride's  Jlistory  ot  ButKr 
County,  Ohio. 

There  are  ai)])ended  here  two  accounts  of  the  Biixeon  Hoost 
■massacre,  which  si-em  to  i^ive  soinc  dcttiils  not  tound  in 
l)illon".s  llistorv  ot  Indiana,  woi'thv  of  preservation. 


12 


r.oi  till  Kin   s     IiKFEAT. 


THE  BRITISH    REPORT, 


(,Mkijkc.  -Jod  Ort..  SI. 
Laril   (ill),    dirniiliii  Inj  f/ii    Flrrf  : 

Mv  L<ii{i) — 1  liavc  t lu' |»J(':isiirc  to  iU'<niaiiit  your  Fiordshii* 
lliat  1)\' a  late  (lispati'li  tVom  hvti'oii  I  have  an  accoinil  <»t  an 
ailvanliiu'o  ii'aincd  liy  .loscpli  Urant  with  an  liiindrcfl  Intlians 
<)\vv  a  division  of  ( "ultnicl  (dark  s  army  asscmldinu"  ii|Min  tiu- 
()liio  tor  llu'  ]»iir|)osc  of  di'siroyinii"  tlu'  Indian  sot lIcnKMits. 
and  it  sii('i('>>sfiil  in  liis  levies  ])rn('l  ralini:' to  iK-lroil.  .lose|di 
liaviiiLC  intidliu'enco  of  Ids  niotitms.  \vailt'(l  tor  him  at  thi' 
mouth  of  the  Miamis  Ifivoi-  \vh«'iT  ho  )>ass«'d  in  the  ni^ht 
and  with  too  ^•r^'at  a  I'orco  tor  .losi'ph  to  atja(d<  him.  iuit  the 
next  ihiy  \\v  fidi  u|><in  a  jiarty  (d  lo(»  mumi  commandt'd  Ity  a 
Lieutenant  i'td.  Lo(d\ery.  (ii  of  whom  he  iiuide  prisoner^. 
■'»(!.  incdinlinu,'  \\\v  ('ohniel  and  l^ixc  other  (dlieei's.  wei'e  kiUed. 
A  rtuntoreenu-ni  (da  eom]>any  iA'  ran«rors  and  a  stroma;  hody 
i>t  Indians  |tem'trate't  as  far  as  the  l-'alls  in  liojn-^  of  |»ursu- 
inii'  the  hh>\s  with  success,  lnit  Mr.  (Mark's  army  wei'e  so 
discoiii-a^'ed  hy  lids  early  deleat  tiiat  they  hei^an  to  separati'. 
anil  it  is  siippost'd  have  li>r  this  season  altandoned  their  in- 
terjirise.  .Many  smaller  Indian  parties  in  ihat  (|  '.artei'  ha\e 
i»een  V(.'ry  suecesstul.  and  some  consideralile  s'/okes  ha\'e 
heeii  made  njton  thi'  Molmwk  l{i\  er  ant!  l-'rontiers  of  Penn- 
sylvania. 'V\\v  vi(dinty  of  thc>.e.  an<l  the  |tei'])etual  terror  ami 
losses  of  the  inhahitants.  will  I  lio]u'  o]ierate  |>owerl'ully  in 
<»ui'  iavor  with  W'rmont.  who  will  experien<-e  the  happy 
i'tfects  of  lia\'in>i'  tlu'ir  settlements  protectetl.  and  some  in- 
hahitants of  the  neii.i"hltorini»;  Stali-s  Ixixin  to  retire  there  lor 
safety.  It  would  he  emiless  and  ditlieult  to  enumerate  to 
yotii'  Jiordshi))  the  parties  that  are  continually  employed 
u]>on  the  l)a(d<  settlements.  From  the  Illinois  country  to  the 
frontiers  of  New  York  there  is  a  continual  succession.  I 
must  lio  Colonel  .Johnson  and  the  otHcers  who  have  the 
<lirection  of  this  service  the  justice  t<t  ac(|uaint  y<»ur  Lor<lshi]>s? 
that  the  families  I  have  ]ilaced  tijton  Carleton  Jslaml.  at 
Niau'ara  and  Detroit  with  a  view  to  cultivation.  |)romise  fare 
to  sueeoed.  and  1  have  not  a  doulit  will  in  a  very  few  years 
mati'rially  eontrihiite  as  wtdl  to  the  support  as  to  the  con- 
A'l'uienco  of  those  J*osts. 

1  am  \c.. 
(Signed)  Fued.  IIaldimand. 


l.olcillKin    S    DKKKAT. 


i:j 


DIARY    OF    CAPT,    ISAAC    ANDERSON, 


(Original  in  possession  i»f  I.  K.  Amler^Dii,  P'.sii.,  X'enice,  (Ko-s  I'.O.)  Oluo  ) 

AiiLjiisi  1st.  17>^1.  Wi'  met  al  ('»>l.  ('Mi'iialiaii  s  in  order  to 
form  a  body  <>t  iiuui  t»>  y>\\\  (u'li.  ('larU  on  the  expedition 
ai!,"!iiii>*l  tin'  Intlians. 

Auii'.  -.      lientU'/voiisi'd  at  said  place. 

Aiiii;.  M,  Marcdn'd  under  connnand  ot  Col.  Loidiei'v  to 
Maraele's  mill  about  eiijlity-throe  in  numher. 

Auiji;.  4.     ('r(»s'Ml  tlu'  Voui;lia<jaiiia  IJivei". 

Aiiii".  .").      .Mai'<diod  to  |)evoi-"s  terry. 

\uiX-  <►.      '!'>  llaccoon  settlement. 

.\  iiiT.  7.     ('a|il.  .Masons. 

Alii;'.  S.  To  Wht'idinu"  Kort  and  found  CMark  was  started 
down  the  river  al»oiit  twelve  hours. 

.\uii*  '.>.  Col.  lioehery  s»'nt  a  »|uartermaster  and  oflieei- of 
the  hoi'se  atter  him.  which  overtctoU  liim  at  Middle  Island 
and  relurnecl;  then  stalled  with  all  our  toot  troop.s  on  sev^-n 
hoats.  and  our  horses  Wv  land  to  (Jrave  ('re(d\. 

An*;.  II).  .Moveil  down  li>  Fishini>"  Creek:  we  toid<  up 
Lieut.  Bakei'  and  si.xteen  mhmi  desertint;'  from  (ien.('lai'k 
and  went  that  <lay  to  middle  of  L»»nu'  Beach,  whert^  we 
stayed  that  niu'iit. 

Aui;-.  1 .')  To  the  Three  Islands,  where  we  toimd  Major 
Craycraft  waitinu"  on  us  with  a  horse  hoat.  lie.  with  his 
liMiard.  si.\  men.  started  thai  niij,'ht  after  (Jen.  Clai'k. 

.\n^'.  1().  C(d.  Loehery  detached  Capt.  Shannon  with 
seven  men  and  letter  aflei'  (leu.  Clui'k'  and  we  moved  that 
day  to  the  liitlh- Conuaway  (^Kamiwha)  with  all  our  horses 
on  hoard  the  hoats. 

Alii;".  17.  Two  men  went  (»iit.  to  hunt  who  iievei"  i-eturned 
to  us       W'e  mo\-ed  that  da\"  to  l>utfalo  Uland. 

AuiT.  \x.     To  Catrish  Island. 

Auu-.  r.>.     To  Hare  I^anks. 

Alii!;.  -*>•  ^^'e  MU'l  with  twoof  Shannon's  mcii  wiio  told  us 
the\'  had  |Mit  to  >hoi'e  to  cook.  Itclow  the  niouth  of  the 
Siotha  (Scioio;  whei-e  Shannon  sent  ihem  and  a  sct-n-c-nit  oiii 
to  hunt.  When  they  iiad  ii'ot  ahont  hall'a  mile  ii.  the  wok  1  . 
the\'  heard  a  niimher  ot  uMins  tire,  wliich  tlicy  >iipposed  lo 
he  I  ndiaiis  firinu"  v)n  the  rest  ot  the  |>ariy.aiid  llicy  inimeli- 
atel>'  look    U]»    tie;    riser    to    meet  us;   Imi  unfortunately  the 


14 


LOUJJHERY  S    DEFEAT. 


sci'i^oants  kiiitb  droppi'tl  on  tlio  i^roiind  and  it  rati  <liroctly 
lliroii^l)  his  foot  and  lio  died  of  tlio  woiiml  in  a  few  minutes. 
We  sailed  all  nii^ht. 

Aug.  21.     AVe  moved  to  the  Two  Islands. 

Aug.  2-J.     To  Sa.s.safras  Bottom. 

Aug.  2ii.     Went  all  night  and  all  day. 

AuiT.  24.  (\)l.  Locherv  ordered  the  boats  to  land  on  the 
Indiana  shore,  about  ten  miles  htdow  the  mouth  of  the(ireat 
Meyamee  (Miami)I{iver,  to  eooU  ))rovisions  an<l  eut  grass  for 
the  horses  when  we  were  tirecl  on  by  a  party  of  Indians 
trotn  the  ])anl\.  We  took  to  our  boats  expeeting  to  erossthe 
river,  and  were  fire<I  on  by  another  ])arty  in  a  number  of  ea- 
noes  in  the  river  atid  soon  we  beeame  a  prey  to  them.  Tliey 
kill  d  the  ('ol.  and  a  number  miM'e  alter  they  were  prisoners. 
The  niiniber  of  otir  killed  was  about  forty.  They  marched 
lis  that  night   about  eight  miles  uj)  the  river  an<l  (Mieamped. 

Aug.  25.  We  marehed  eight  miles  u))  the  Meymee  Hiver 
and  encamped. 

Aug.  2«i.     Lay  in  catnp. 

Aug.  27.  The  l)arly  liiat  took  us  was  joined  by  one  hun- 
<lred  white  men  uiidi  r  the  command  of  ('apt.  Thompson  and 
three  hundred  Indians  under  command  of  ('a])l.  McKee. 

Aug.  2S.  The  whole  of  the  Indians  and  white  men  went 
lown  against  the  settlements  of  Kentucky,  exci'jtting  a  ser- 
geant and  eighteen  men  which  were  left  to  take  care  of  six- 
teen ))risoners  and  stores  that  were  left  there.  We  lay  there 
until  the  15th  of  September. 

Sept.  15.  1781.  We  started  towards  the  Shawnee  towns  on 
our  way  to  Detroit. 

Se])t.  1!>.  Arrived  at  Chillecothev.  when' the  Indians  took 
all  the  ])risoners  from  ('a]»t.  Thom])s(»ii  ex('e])ting  six  of  us. 
We  lay  there  until  the  2(ilh. 

Sept.  2(1.      We  marched  to  Laremes. 

Se|)t.  27.     Over  the  carrving  place  to  the  (Maize. 

Sept.  2S.     T(,  the  Taway  village. 

Sept.  '2\y     Continued  our  march. 

Sejtt.  oO.     Marched  all  day  through  swam])y  ground. 

(.)ct.  1.  Arrived  at  Koche  de  l>out  and  rested  there  eiirht 
days. 

Oct.  4.  ('apt.  Thom])sou  marcluHl  for  Detroit  and  left  us 
with  the  Mohawks  where  we  lay  until  the  eighth. 

(_)ct.  8.  Slarteil  in  a  canoe  with  the  Indians  for  Detroit 
and  lay  at  the  foot  of  the  rapids  all  night. 


LOUdllERY  S    DEFEAT. 


15 


Oct.  9.     (iot  to   Stony    Point  Imlf  way  to  Detroit  from  tlio 
mouth  of  tho  Alanu'  (Maunu'i')  rivor. 
^   Oct.  10.     (iot  to  the  spriiii^  woll,  four  niilcs  from  Detroit. 

Oct.  11.  Taken  into  Detroit  and  i^iven  u))  to  Major  Arent 
Seiujyier  De  I'ester  wlio  confined  us  to  the  citatUd,  * 

Oct.  Hi.  (Jot  intt)  good  <|uarters  and  were  well  used;  liad 
clothing  and  liberty  of  going  where  we  ]»lea.sed  round  the 
town  until  the  fourth  of  Nov. 

Xov.  4.  We  went  on  board  the  sloop  Felicity  hound  foi* 
3«'iagara. 

Xov.  5.     Lay  at  anchor  in  Put  in  Hay. 

Xov.  6.     liikewise. 

Nov,  7.     Set  sail  with  a  fail-  wind. 

Nov.  8.     AVind  ahead. 

Nov.  9,     Sprung  the  tnast  by  distress  of  weather. 

Nov.  10.     Yerv  storm v  weather,  lower  our  sails. 

Nov.  11.      Put  in  a  Prescjue  Isle 'Bay. 

Nov.  12.     Lav  in  said  Harbor. 

Xov.  IH.     Safled  for  Fort  Krie. 

Nov.  14.  Went  to  liatteaux  to  Fort  Schlosser  one  mile 
above  Niagara  Falls. 

Nov.  15.  Went  over  the  carr^-ing  place  to  Nigara  Foi-t 
and  put  on  board  the  Seneca. 

Nov.  1().     Set  sail  for  Cai'leton   Island. 

Nov.  17.     Ari'ived  at  said  ])lace. 

Nov.  19.     Put  in  the  guard  house  at  said  place. 

Xov.  20.     Started  in  Battetiux  for  Montreal. 

Xov.  21"     (*ontiiuicd  on  our  Journey. 

Xov.  1*2.      Lay  at  Oswegatchie. 

Xov.  2.'i.      (^ro'^sed  the  Long  Saut. 

Nov.  24.      An-ived  at  Coteau  du  Lac. 

Nov.  25.      t'i'osst'(|  the  C'as('ade>  to  the  Isle  of  lU'Vi'ot. 

Xov.  2(5.      Was  lu'al  by  wiml  up  Chatc.'iiig.-iy  Island. 

Xov.  27.  Crossed  (Miateaugay  rivt-rand  \\v\\\  to  ( 'auglina- 
Avaga.  an  Indian  village  and  ci-osscd  t  he  I'ivrr  St.  Lawrence 
with  much  ditliculty  and  lay  at   LaChincall  night. 

Xov.  2S.  Drew  ])ro\it>;ions  and  wci'e  in>;ulti'<|  hy  druni<cn 
Indians:  went  down  to  Montreal  and  were  deii\"cr(M|  to  (icn. 
Sjtik't^  who  ]>nt  us  in  close  confincnicnt. 

Xov.  29.  I'emoved  to  the  h-'Ug  house  in  St.  Mai'c  )>ni'isli 
and  remaine<l  there  \intil  May  2(i.  17S2. 

May  2(;,  "82.  Scaled  the  pickets  about  2  oClock  in  the 
<lay  time  and   crossed    the  river  at  Longtieil  church  and  got 


10 


I.ordriF.HV  S    ItEFKAT. 


itito  tlic  wooils  iiiiMU'illjth'ly.  ami  sttMTtMl  for  SdiH'I  liiver: 
(  r.)ssi'(l  it  lliat  iiiiilit  mkI  \\v\\{  iiUo  si  Kri'inlniian  s  Itai'ii  ami 
kilU'(l  two  laii\l»s  and  took  two  hoi'si's  ami  i'o<U' all  iiii^lit  till 
•  lay  lnvalc.  tlu'ii  we  iiiado  a  halt,  skiiiiiol  an<l  l>ai'bi»cnc'(|  the 
lainlis. 

May  27.  Stai'ttwl  with  our  horses.  <rot  them  al>o\it  five 
inilos  ainl  were  ohliiifd  to  tiini  them  out  ol'haiMl  on  accoiirit. 
of  swanniv  i^roinid  and  sti'oiM'd  an  I'ast  (.-oiirsc  all  dav.  and 
caint'  to  llu>  riviM"  Missis(|m'.  (  rosscd  it  on  a  ratt  :  inai'cdiod 
al>«)Ul  2  niiU>s  :itU-r  dark  and  (>n<-ani|)i'(l. 

•May  -H.  .Marched  ahont  dayhreak.  Had  i;ono  oiio  mih* 
when  we  heard  the  ilrunis  neat  tlu'  reveilU-  tVoiu  a  Idoek 
house  on  said  river.  We  steei'e(l  that  day  st)iitheast  exj»eet- 
\\\i^  to  strike  lleason's  i'oa<l  hut  found  it  not.  We  oneaniped 
that  niichi  on  a  vei'y  hinh  mountain. 

May  2H.  Kound  a  hiriie  (|uantity  of  snow  on  said  moun- 
tain. Crossed  the  river  Mi.Nsis(|ue  and  another  moimlain 
that  day  and  eneainju-d. 

•May  'Ml     Crossed  three  mountain.s  and  camped. 

May  HI.  ('ame  to  a  level  eoiintr\'  and  crossed  fiMir  creeks, 
one  very  ditlicult  to  cross,  that  em|>tied  into  Lake  .Mem|)hre- 
magon".  We  wfre  ol>liy,'ed  t(»  cam|>  on  i)ad  g'round  that  night 
and  our  |)rovisions  wei'e  done. 

.lune  1.  Oui"  [)rovisions  being  done  we  were  ohligt'd  to 
kill  our  dog  and  i-at  him.  lost  our  conijiass  hut  Pi'ovidence 
favored  us  with  ch-ar  weather  that  day  and  [uirt  of  the  Jioxt. 
We  sterri'd  our  old  coui'se.  southeast  and  encam]»0(l. 

•lune  If.  Struck  a  branch  ot  the  Passumj)sic  iMvi'i*  and 
kej)!  down  it.  and  in  the  i>V(Miing  nnide  a  raft.  e.xjKH'ting  to 
go  by  water  Imt  was  disa|»[>ointed  by  drilt  wooil.  We  en- 
cam]H'd  in  tlu^  forks  ot  said  river  all  idi^ht. 

.lune  ;>.  Ke|»t  our  old  course  and  struck  an  east  brancdi  of 
said  river.  We  ki'pt  <l()wn  it  by  reason  of  dark  weather. 
We  eiicamjied  tiial  night  on  dead   running  water. 

Juno  4.      Made  two   raft^   and    never    got    any    sei'vice  of 
thi'm,  l»y    reason   of  ra)»id    running   water,  and   kept  our  old 
course  that  day  ami  encamped. 

.Iune«l.  Continued  our  march  and  struck  the  settlement 
ol  Cohorse  on  said  river,  thai  evening  at  one  Smiths.  We 
came  down  the  ("onnecticut  that  night  and  crossed  below 
tlu>  foi'ks   where   we   ''laid  all    night. 

.lune".  Came  past  Klu'.  Willoiighby  and  to  Richard 
Sabnon's  where  we  stayed  all  night  12  miles  Irom  where  wo 
istruck  the  settlement. 


I 


L<M  (illKHV  S    KF.FKAT, 


IT 


.ImioS.     Cain*^   t<>    \W\'^.    (ion.    Hiivlfy's  mid    vv>\i'A    iliciv 

.hiiii'  1(1.  Ci-ossi'.l  ilic  I'ivcr  to  Ills  M.n's.  K|. III'.  liiiN  lev's, 
w  here  \\v  ^-ot  a  juiir  of  >Ii<k.s.  aii<l  wi'iil  !i)  .laiiics  Wdmlu  ar(V>,' 
Ks<|iiirt>.  wlu'i'f  Wf  staved  ull  iiiiilil. 

.Iiiiii-ll.      To  ('a|>l.   Ladd's,  2i  (iiilcs. 

.1  mil'  12.     'I'o  ('nl.  .Ioliii>oii"s.  iwo  miles, 

.Imu'  i:i.  To  ('apt.  Cleiio'iils  on  oin-  way  I..  I'ciin vsnli<, 
1  1   miles 

•liMie  \\.     To  I'lmei'Noii's.  |'!s(|.    iM  milt's. 

.Imie  l."».      To("a|»t.   I''avui'>.  l!i  miles. 

.Iiiiu'  1(!.     To  Col.  ( Jarrislies.  M  miles. 

.Itiiie  17.  To  Col.  Walker's  in  I'eniiyeiiiU.  1  L'  miles,  wln're 
the  u-eni'i-al  eoni'I  was.  Tliei'e  wt'  made  apidication  ioi- 
mone\   an<l  ne.sl  day  uot  a  little. 

.lime  is.      Went  io  Capl.  Todd's.  1)   miles. 

.lime  1!».  To  ('apt.  Walker's  where  we  eat  dinner;  and 
Itdl  the  .Merrimae  river,  and  uol  on  the  Ui'»';il  road  lor  l-'ish- 
kill's  to  heaihpiarters.  and  stayed  that  ni^^ht  al  the  >i^-ii  ..t 
the  Lion,  ltd  miles. 

JimeliO.  To  Mr.  Ilolhni  s  t-uir  miles  I'rom  Lama-'ttr  in 
th«'  I'ay  Stale.  '_'.">  miles. 

.'line  iM.  T<»  W  oreesier  and  from  thert-  to  Mr.  Ser^-eant's. 
where  we  stayed  three  nii^hts.  and  i;"ot  two  pair  ot'trowsers 
niade. 

. I  line  L'l.      To  Ileiij.  ('(»nen'>>  '.',7)  miles. 

.hine:i.').  To  Sprinu'titdd  and  erosseil  the  Coiineet ieiit  ri\(i' 
ami   came   to   Mr.  I']aiiset''s  in  Connect  ieiit  province  lii'  milrs. 

.Iimelii!.      T<t  Ml'.  Camp's  in  Wasliin;^l(.n  town.   HMnile>. 

.iniicL'7.  Caiiii-  past  iJiiU's  works  and  iiii<.  York  provint'c 
til  Thos  .'^torm's.  j^s(|..  w  hcri'  \\c  lay  all  niu-lii. 

.lime  2S.  Came  i,.  l-'ishkill's  laiidimj,'  !.")  miles  and  cro-scd 
the  Ncfth  ri\-er  to  .\\u  her^-  to  hcadipiartc-rs  e.Npcci  in<;' to  ^et 
a  siip|)|y  (i|  m(»iiey.  Itiit  his  l']\ceMen<-y  was  i^diie  np  the  ri\rr 
lo  .Mhany  and  w c  could  not  nhtaiii  any.  h'tmu  tliemi  lo 
New  Windsor,  i'  mih's.  where  ^\  e  niei  with  a  friend,  1ml  mi 
a''<piaiiitaiice,  w  ho  lent  iis  money  lo  carrx  us  to 'i'hiladelphia. 
whicdi  was  a  ^reat  lavor.  We  came  that  iiiuhi  to  .lohn 
Uroiister's  1 1  miles. 

.Iiineiill.  'J\)  Mr.  Snyder'.-^  tavern,  .lei-sey  jirovince.  :VI 
miles. 

.limeHO.     Came   thronu'h   jra(d<(>ttstowii    and  came  to  Mr. 
Haslet's.  27  mile.s. 
July  1.     Through  IMullipsburg  and  I'rom  there  we  crossed 


18 


LOl  (UIKRV  S    DKFKAT. 


tlit^  nolawai-e  i-ivrr  at  Iluwcllv  I't-ri-y  aii<l  u'ot  into  (\'ini-;yl- 
v;mia  to  Will.  IV'iiiifti's  ill  \Uirk  couiiiy.  \'.\  inilos  and  L'7 
JVotn  Philaiic'lpliia. 

•Inly  2.  ('anu'  to  IMiiladciiiiiia  '11  niilo  and  siayod  llicri' 
until  tlu'  Hh. 

•Inly  d.  Starh'il  Cor  ( 'arlysic  jilioiit  ;>  o'clock  in  t.ic  aftcf- 
nooii  Mild  canu'  to  tiic  Soi'i'ci  lloii'<«'.  IM  iiiilt's. 

J  idy  .").     To  ('apt.  Mason  s.  42  miles, 

.Inly  ().  Came  tlii'oiiiidi  Lancastci"  and  IVom  thence  {•>  Mid- 
tletown  where  wc  lay  all  ni^"hl.  157  miles. 

.Inly  7.  ('I'ossed  ilu>  Siis(|uahaii na  ri\ cr  ami  eam<'  to  Cai"- 
li^le  ahoiit   1  o'clock-.  Ll(>  miles  ami  i'este(|  three  ni^dits. 

.1  uly  H).  Starteil  ;iiid  eame  throiiu'li  Sh i]i]iensl)ni'>.':  to  ('apt. 
'Jiios.  ( 'am  jihi'll's  ;>(!   miles. 

.Inly  11.      I{estc(l  at  said  ("amidudl's. 

.Inly  12.     To   Mi-.   Welch's  ahoin  .")  mih's. 

.Inly  ]l>     To  ei'ossinsj;  .liiniala  2S  miles. 

.lulv  Id.  Came  ihi-ouu-h  l)edtdi"d  lo  Artlnii-  Me(ianudiev's. 
21   mi'les. 

.lulv  ].').     To  Load's  in  the(ilaiU's.  :52  miles. 

.Inly  1(1.      To  Col.  Camid)eir>.  2S  miles. 


("oiii;ri'<s  Jn'l  S'-'s-iimi. 


Ui'liiirt  No.  :!i). 


Ili.MHi'  ■:■'  Ki']ire-c'tUiiti  w<  . 


ARCHIBALD   LCUGHERY. 


^ 


[To  :o'' ciiiiipniiy    Kill  llou^c  •■!    li'prr-ciitiiin  os  No.  till.) 


J.wrARV  20.  1S47. 
Ml-,  lilaiiehai'd  from  the  Committee  on  I'ublie  Tands  made 
the  following . 

RKI'ORT  ; 

The  Committee  on  I'uhlic  I.an<ls.  to  whom  was  referi-ed 
the  elaims  of  Jane  Thom))son  and  Kli/al»eth  MeBi-ier.  of 
Westmoreland  County.  Pennsylvania,  make  the  fo'dowing 
j'ej)ort : 

That  the  Commonwealth  of  Virginia,  on  tho  second  day  of 
January,  17S1,  yielded  to  the  Congress  of  the  Cnited  States, 
for  the  benetit  ot  said  Slates,  all  right,  title  and  claim  whieh 
the  said  eonunon wealth  had  to  the  territc^y  northwest  of 
the  river  Ohio,  subject  to  the  conditions  annexed  to  tiie  said 


I,<M  (JlJKRr  8    nKFEAT. 


19 


^ 


:ict  of  cession  :  wl.icl,  said  act  ..f  <-os.si,)iu  with  tlio  conditions 
annexed,  the  ConuTess  of  the  Tnited  States  accepted,  ainon--- 
which  condiliiM.s  was  the  foljowino-;  .-That  a  (|iiantitv.  Ui?t 
exceedui-one  huixlred  and  fifty  ihonsand  acres  (.t' htnd  jn-oni- 
i-^ed  bv  tile  State  of  Vii-o-iiiia.  shouhi  he  allowed  and  uTanted 
to  the  thi'n  Cohnud  mow  (iciierah  (^coi-o-e  JJon-ers"  ( MafU. 
and  to  the  ..(lict'i-s  and  sohiiers  of  his  ren-inicnt  who  )narchr(i 
with  liini  wlu'ii  the  posts  of  Ka^kaskias  and  St.  Vinct'nts 
weiv  redncecl.  and  to  theotticeivs  and  sohliei-s  that  have  since 
heen  incn-porated  into  th<"  said  ivo-iineiit :  to  1h'  hnd  «)tr  in  one 
tract,  tlie  h-nu'th  of  whi(di  not  to  exct'cd  (h)iihh'  the  Invadth. 
in  such  )>lace  on  the  northt^asi  sidt.-  nf  the  Ohio  as  a  inajoi-itv 
ol  the  oHicers  shall  ch<..)se:  and  to  lie  afterwards  diVided 
amono-  the  said  otliceiN  and  men  in  due  propoi-tion  accordin-; 
to  the  laws  of  \'iririnia."" 

The  coinniittee  lurther  repoi't.  that'll  appeal's  l)y  the  alti- 
<hivit  of  crrdihir  witnesses  that  Colon. d  Ar(diihahl  Loiio-lu'rv. 
father  of  the  ai»ove-nani('(|  (daimants.  (  whi<di  atlidavftN  ai-e 
hereto  annexed  and  made  j^ai't  of  this  report  i  some  time 
durino- the  siininuM- ot  ITS]  raised  several  companies  of  vol- 
unteers ot  which  he  was  chosen  conimandei-.  tor  tin'  pnrpos,. 
ot  join i no- the  forces  of  Ceneral  (leoru'c  IJoo-ei-s  <  dark  in  llu' 
expedition  au'ainst  the  Mrdia^vk  and  Seneca  J  iidian>.  inhahit- 
iii^i;-  the  country  now  heloiio-inii-  to  th<'  State  of  Ohio.  'Idiat 
in  Auo-iist.  17S1.  he  mai-(died  ^vith  his  men  to  Wheeling. 
Ohio.  ex))ectin.o-  to  join  the  forces  under  said  (ieneral  (dark." 
hilt  when  he  ami  his  men  arrived  at  Whindino-  theviou:id 
(ienei-al  Clark  had  hdt  that  ))lace  a  few  davs  hefoi-e  tiny 
nri'ived  Init  had  left  hoats  fl»r  Colonel  r.oni,dierv  and  his  men 
to  follow  them.  That  they  took  the  hoats  thus  left  lor  them, 
hut  some  whei'e  neai-  the  month  of  the  Bio-  :Miaini  idver' 
Colonel  Loutchei'y  aii<l  his  men  lamiod  to  coolc  and  eat  some 
food,  and  were  attacked  hy  a  laro-e  i.o.ly  <.f  Indians,  an.l  the 
said  Touiidiery  and  a  number  ol  his  uww  were  killed  and 
the  remainder  taken  ]MMson<'i's  Ity  the  Indians,  and  never 
j   .lied  the  forces  \\  ider  (M-neral  (dark  as  was  intended. 

Tlie   committee,    theretbre.    i-e]>ort   that,   upon    the    above 
state  of  iiuds.  the  heirs  of  the  said  Colonel  Archil)ald  Louirh- 
ory   are  entitled  to   the  same  (luantity   of  l)ountv  land  as  if 
their   father   had   actually  joine<l  the'lorces  under  (iem-raJ 
George  i?oo:ei-s  Clark. 

Pennsylvania.  ) 

Westmoreland  County.  )  '"■ 


20 


Lot  iiUF.KV  8    DKFKAT, 


Pei-soiKilly  apiH^aroil  l.ctor.-  llu'  suliscrihci-.  a  jiisticr  of  the 
|K'ac<'  ill  aiiil  ItM-  sai<i  coinilv.  .laincs  Kraii.  who  hciii^-  duly 
swoni  accordiiin'  to  hiw.  iipoii  hi^  soh-mu  oalh  doth  (U'])osc- 
and  sav  :  That  soDK.'liiiu'  in  the  siimiiu'r  of  sev«Mitern  hiiii- 
drc'd  and  riii'iity-onc  volmitt'rrs  wore  I'aiscd  in  West inoro- 
hmd  County.  Pennsylvania,  for  liic  imrposc  of  Joininu'  an 
i'.\]»('dition  at  that  tinu'  niaUin^- au'ain-^l  1  he  Mohawk.  Seneca,. 
ami  otlu'i-  trilH's  of  Iinlians;  that  said  volnntm-s  were  to 
mai-ch  in  tht'  country  now  coiniiosinu'  the  .Stnte  («f  (Hiio:. 
that  the  coinpanii's  in  Wcstiiiorchtml  County  were  under  the 
(•(.niniand  of  Cohniel  Arehihahl  Lonu-heiy.  and  wei'e  eoni- 
|)o>ed  ot  upward  o{'  a  liuntired  men  under  the  command  of 
said  coh.nef  This  de|ion«'nl  was  attaidicd  to  a  company  of 
i-anicers  under  Captain  Thomas  Slokely;  that  they  had  vol- 
unteered to  march  under  ihe  comnmnd  of  (iencral  (it'oi-^-e 
Ivou-ers  Clai'k  on  the  expedition:  that  Colonel  Lou^'hcry 
maindicfl  hi>  men  to  Wheeiinu-.  where  this  deitonent  uncU'r- 
stood  they  W(U'etoJoin  (iencral  Clark.  ( )n  t he  ari'i val  ot  the 
troops  th'ei-c.  they  found  that  (iencral  Clai'k  had  h-fl  there 
four  da\s  hetore.  hiil  had  h'ft  lour  or  live  boats  Ixddnd  to 
carr\"  on  ( 'oloiicl  Loiii^lu'ry  and  liis  nu-ii.  Fi'(Un  tiiis  place 
Colonel  l>oUM.-|i<'rv  >ent  a  iues>eiiirer  i  Piidiie  Wallace- 1  alUr 
Ccneral  ('lark:  he  froiiuht  word  ilia!  Clai'k  would  wait  lor 
tlicin  a1  the  niouih  of  --onii'  creek,  the  name  of  which  is  not 
rememi)ere(l  li\-  liejMpneiit.  ('oloiiel  Lcuiu'hcry  and  his  com- 
panies cm  hark''"!  in  llic  ho;it>  lefi  for  tiu'iuat  Wheelini;-  iiy 
(iencral  (,'lark.and  arrived  on  thai  'H'  liie  ne.\t  day  a1  the 
iiinuth  of  the  cri'cK'.  <  >n  iheir  way  down  they  took  sixiccn 
(leserler>  iVoiii  the  I  I'oops  of  ( iciu-ral  ( 'lark,  and  cari'icd  them 
alonu'  hai-k.  (Mi  iheir  arrival  at  (he  ci.ek  they  lound  Ccne- 
ral ('lark  and  hi^  troops  had  lefl.  (  ■oloiiei  Loii-'hcry  iheii 
proceeded  with  his  ini'ii  alter  ('lark  in  tin'  foals.  ()n  the 
L'lst  or  L'dlh  of  .VuiiUsi.  17>1.  they  landed  on  the  north  hank 
,,('  lh(>  ()hio.  ahiuit  ten  ndles  helow  the  Uiouth  of  the  IW'j; 
Miami  river,  lor  the  |uirpo->c  of  cooking-  some  victuals;  ihe 
river  was  then  low  :  there*  was  a  >and~iiar  that  reaclu'd  into 
the  river  from  l  he  soul  ii  side.  A^  they  were  kindlini!;  t  heir 
tires,  llu'  Indians  cominenct'd  an  attack  from  an  upper  bank. 
Co|(Miel  liOUirlu-rx  ordered  his  ti'oops  to  the  boats,  to  pas.s 
over  to  the  sambbar :  as  soon  as  ihey  ciubaj'ked  and  eoni- 
ineiiced  moNdiii;' oN'cr.  a  lar<:'e  body  of  Indians  rushed  froni 
the  woods  on  tlu'  bar  and  |M'evented  a  landiiiu'  or  niakinu;  an 
escape,  wdien  tlie  colomd  order*'d  us  to  surrender.  Tliere 
were  uboiit   thirtv   men  kilh'd   in  the  Hn'ht  on  the  ^;ide  of  the 


lordllERV  S    DKFKAT 


21 


nvliitos.  Within  un  liour  or  two  af'tor  tlu^  tiii:ht.  this  depo- 
'jKMit  iimU'i'siood  Coionol  LoULrherv  wa>  l<ilhMl  \n-  a  Siiawiict^ 
liulian  as  he  was  sitliiii^  on  a  h)u':  (h'j)()iu'til  within  that 
"time  saw  the  seal])  of  the  oolonel  in  tiie  hands  of  an  Jn<lian  : 
the  jiociiliar  eohd- oi  the  hair  caused  (h'poiieiit  to  l<nowtlie 
■seal]*. 

Jamhs   Kkan.  liis  X  mark. 
Sworn  and  siiltsei'ihed  before  nie  lhi>  2')\\\  Auu'ust.  1S43. 

W.  M (Williams. 

I  (h)  cei-tify  tliat  I  am  acijnainled  with  .lames  I\e:>M.  tlie 
t<)re<j:;()inu'  (h')M»nent.  ami  that  h(.'  is  a  man  of  ei'iMJihility.  aiel 
that  full  ci'edii  is  o-iveii  t(»  his  testimony  as  siu  ii. 

Witness    mv   hand    and   seal  tiiis  2r)tli  Aui>-usi.  A.  I).  1S4:>. 


AV.  MeAViLLiAMs.  ^     J..  S. 


) 


State  op  Penxsylvaxia.  ") 
West.M(»kelaxd   CorxTV.  ) 


''<&. 


r,  David  Fullwood.  ])rothonotai'y  of  the  court  of  eommon 
Pleas  of  the  county  of  V\\'stmoreland.  in  i  he  ( 'ommonwealth 
■of  Pennsylvania,  do  hei'ehy  eei'tity  that  \V.  McWilliams.  Jv-;(]  . 
l)efore  whom  the  foreu'oinij;  (Jeposition  was  made,  and  whose 
imme.  in  his  own  projiei*  handwritiuix.  is  to  the  al»ove  cer- 
tificate a))pended.  was  then,  and  now  is.  an  actinu;  justice  of 
])eace  in  and  for  sai<l  county  of  Wesi  nnu'eland.  duly  eom- 
niissioned  ami  a])])ointed.  and  to  all  whose  (dfieial  acts  and 
deeds  full  faith  and  credit  are  of  I'iu'ht  due. 

in  lestimony  whei'cot' I  have  hereto  set  my  hand. 
,  — -  ■  — ^      and  atfixeil  the  s(\'d  (tt   said  i-ourt    ai    i  i  reenslturu'. 
L.  S.        the  twent\'-fitlh  dav  of  Auirust.  in  the  \'eai' of  our 


( 


l.orcl  one  t  housaml  eiudil  humlrcd  and  forty-thi'ee. 

David  Fi  llwood.  Prot. 


Pexxsvlvaxl\.        ) 
Bi TLER  Col  XT V.     | 


.s\'n\ 


Personally  a]»]teared  hefore    nie.  a  justice  of  the   peac(>  in 

and   for   the   county   of   P>utler.  AVilliam   ('hrisii<'.   and  aftei' 

'beini:;  duly  sworn  accordinii*  1o  hiw.  deposelh  and  saitli  thai 

he  was   well   acquainted   with   ('(done!  Archibald  liOUixliery. 

•of  Westmorehiud  C<nint\".  and   hi>   wite    .Marv.  and   that    he 


}0 


LOrdllERV  S    f>EFEAT. 


was  well  ae(piaiiile<l  with  Ihoir  two  rcputtMl  daiii^htors.  Jane^ 
Loiii^^hory  and  Elizabeth  Louirlirry.  and  tliat  said   Jane   was- 
married  to  Saniuci  Tliompson  ot'  said   ('(ninly   of  Westmore- 
land, and  that  Elizalx'tii  was  nuirried   to   J)avid   MeBrier  of 
the  same  county.     And  further  8aith  not. 

WlLFJAM    ClIIlISTlE. 

Sworn  and  suhscril>ed  before  me.  tiiis  tiie  \H\\  day  of 
xMareh,  1844. 

John  Brewster,  J.  I*. 

T  do  certify  that  I  aiu  acquainted  Avith  AVilliam  Christie,, 
the  forei^oiiiii-  deponent,  and  that  he  is  a  man  of  ci'edibility,. 
and  that  full  credit  is  i^iven  to  his  testimony  as  such. 

Given  under  mv  hand  and  seal,  this  the  9th  dav  of  March, 
1S44. 


John  Brewster,  J.  P.  ^    1j.  S.     ■ 

1 ,\ 


BlTLER  Cot  NTV. 


) 


■  ss. 


State  of  Pennsylvania,      j 

I,  Jacob  ^rechlin.  Jr..  prothonotary  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  in  ami  for  the  county  of  Butler,  in  the  Common- 
wealth of  Pennsylvania,  do  l)y  these  }tresents.  eertity  th:it 
John  lirewster.  Ks(|..  Ijefore  whom  the  foi  f^'oino-  eertificale 
Avas  taken,  and  who  has  thereunto,  in  his  own  pro])er  haiid- 
writinii:  subscribed  his  name,  was  at  the  time  oj  lakinij;  such 
certificate,  and  now  is.  an  actinu"  justiee  of  the  pi-ace  in  and 
for  the  said  eounty.  duly  (•onnnissi(jned  and  sworn,  to  all 
whose  acts,  as  sueli.  due  faith  and  ci-edit  are.  and  of  riii'lit 
ought  to  be  u'iven  thr(.mn'hout  tlu'  Pnited  States  and  elsewhere.. 
,  — -' —  .  In  testimony  wJK'rt,'of  1  Imvc  hrrounto  set  mv 
L.  S.      ■  hand  and  affi.xed  the  s('al  of  said  rourt   at    Butler,, 


( 


in  the  said  county,  this  the  lUli   day  of  March,  in 
the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred 
and  forty-four. 
Attest:  Jacob  MKcnmN.  Jr.. 

Prothonotarv. 


LOrOHERY  S    DEt^EAT. 


23 


Pennsylvania. 

WesTMOHELANI*  COINTY.    ) 


•  ,^,9. 


r.rsonally  appearod  before  me  the  subsen])er.  a  justice  of 
the  })eaee  in  and  tor  said  eouiity.  James  Chamhers.  who  heinu:; 
duly  swoni  aeeordiii<i:  to  hiw  upon  his  sokMuti  oatii  doth 
(U'pose  and  say;  tiiat  I  was  taiven  })i'isoner  hy  tiie  Indians  in 
.1  une,  seventeen  hundred  and  eiixiity-one,  and  taken  to  De- 
troit: and  that  wliile  tliere  Kzelciol  Lewis,  with  several 
others,  were  broiio;l\t  jjrisoners  to  Detroit,  and  state<l  to  said 
dej)onent  tluit  they  had  been  taken  prisoners  witli  ('oh)nel 
Archibakl  Louu-hery  who  was  killed  hy  tlie  Indians.  Said 
<leponent  was  ae(piainted  witii  (\)h)nel  Loiiirhery,  and  his 
family  consisted  of  a  wife  and  two  dauirhters — Jane,  who 
was  afterward  married  to  Sanmel  Thompson,  since  deceased, 
and  Elizabeth,  who  Avas  afterwards  married  to  David  McBriei-, 
since  deceasetl — wiio  now  reside  in  Washinu'ton  townshij), 
Westmoreland  countv,  and  State  of  Pennsvlvania.  And 
further  saith  not. 

James  Chambers. 

Sworn  and  subscribed  before  me.  March  (ith,  184-1. 

Alexam>eii  Thompson. 

i  do  certity  that  I  am  ac(|uainted   with   James   Chamheis 
the  foreii-oiiiir  de])oncn1.  and  that    he  is  a  man   of  creilibility 
ami    that    fuli    credit    is    uMven    to     his    testimony    as    sucli. 
Witness  mv  haml  and  seal,  this  the  (Uh  day  of  March.  .\.  D., 

1844.  "  "i  ^^  ) 

Alk.x.  Thomi'son.       L.S. 


>TATE  OF    Ff.NNSVLV ANIA.    I 
\\  ESTMOIlEI.AMi  (..  Ol  NTY,     \ 

T.  I)avi(l  Fnllwood.  ytrotlionotary  of  tlu'  court  ot  common 
jileas  for  the  count\-  ot  Wcstmoi  ,'!anii.  in  t  he  ( 'omniuu wealth 
of  Pennsylvania,  do  hereby  crtity  thai  A  lexandcr  Thomp- 
son, before  whom  the  foi'e<;'oiiiii"  deposition  was  ntade.  and 
whose  name  in  his  own  proper  hand  writ  ini:-.  is  to  tiie  williin 
e^'rtiticate  appended,  was  then,  and  now  is.  an  aclinu'  justici- 
i)[.'  the    peace    in   and  for  the   county   of  Wrstmoreland.  duly 


24 


I.OCOIIKHV  S     DEFEAT. 


coinmissioiiod  and  np|>oiiitr«).  andto  nil  whose  official  acts  aii<' 

dccMls  I'lill  lailli  and  ci'cdii  arc  ot'rii'-lit  due. 
I  "~^    - —   >       1m  lestiinoMV    wlicrcoi'  1    have   lid'euiito  set  inv 
,     li.S.        hand  and  affixe(l  the  seal  of  said  coiirl  at  (Jreens- 


—  Inii-i^:.  the  foiii'teentii  (hiy  ot'Mai'ch.  in  he  veai-  of 
our  Lord,  one  thousand  ci^-ht  huinli'eil  an<l  I'ortv- 
i'onv.  1)a\ii>    Pri,Lwo(M>. 

l'i'olhonotar\', 


PeNN'SVI.V  A.MA. 


) 


AlUISTH(»N(i   ('(UNTV.     \ 


.v.<. 


Personally  a]t))eare(l  Ixd'oiH*  the  sulfscrihei*  a  justice  of  the 
peace  in  and  for  said  rounly.  l^/eki(d  Lewis,  a  resident  of  the 
county  of  Vi'insii-on^'.  I'lMinsvlvaiiia.  who  heinij;  dulv  sworn 
accoi'dinn-  to  law.  upon  his  solemn  oath  doth  dcjxise  and  say: 
That,  sometime  in  the  summer  of  seventeen  hundi'e<l  and 
eiuhty-one.  voiunteei's  were  raised  in  Westmoreland  Countv. 
Pennsylvania,  tor  the  ])Ui-])ose  of  joinino-  an  expedition  ;i; 
that  lime  makinii'  au'ainst  the  Mohawk.  Seneca,  and  other 
ti-ihes  ot'  Indians:  that  said  volunteers  were  to  march  in  the 
counti-y  now  c(tm))osiim-  the  State  of  Ohio;  that  tlio  compa- 
nies in  Westmoreland  were  ])ut  under  the  command  of  Arch- 
ibald Louu'hci'y.  then  a  resident  of  Westmondand  Count v, 
Avho  commanded  said  comjianies  as  Colonel,  and  was  received 
and  a(d<nowledo'ed  hy  them  as  t  heir  colonel  in  command :  the 
t,i-oo))srendezv(Mis(Ml()n  .'>V'//T/,r//[Sewi(d<:ley?]  or.TacobSwamjts. 
Westmoreland  County.  Colonel  Loui^-hery  had.  wlien  he 
started  from  thi'  jdaec  of  rendezvous,  upwards  of  eii;ditv  men  : 
tlie  companies  conij)osini!:  Coloiud  Lou^-herVfcS  command  were 
commanded  hy  ('ajttain  IJoheit  Oi-r  ami  William  Camphidl. 
J  was  under  the  eoinmand  ot  Captain  William  Campbell. 
l>e)ionent  says  they  marched  from  the  j)lace  of  rendezvous, 
lie  tliinks.  to  McKeesport,  on  the  Monon_i>:ahela  river  and 
<lescended  saiil  river  to  Pittsburu':  Captain  Stockley  joine<l 
tlu'  eommaml  ot  Colonel  Louii-hery.  some  place,  before  we 
.U'-Ji  _  'Vheeiinu-.  (dont  recollect  the  place  ])articularly ):  from 
Pi  l^^Mi  ";  we  traveled  Ity  land  to  Wheelinii'.  where"  we  em- 
'■'rivc*'  Ml  hoats  an('  started  down  the  ()hio  river  to  join 
Gen'-r.ji  ='.ark:  in  one  or  two  days  we  stopped  at  the  month 
ot  a  creek  where  we  exj)ecte(l  to"  meet  (ieiieral  Chiid<  :  when 
we  arrived  there.  (Jeiieral  Clark  had  ixowo  on  down  the  I'iver: 
on    our  way   down   the   river  we   took   some  deserters  from 


LonUlERV  S    DKFF.AT 


2.') 


fJonoral  Clark's  ('oinmund  and  carritMl  tlu'iiMvitli  us:  Colonel 
LonijcJK-ry  proceed  mI  on  down  the  river,  intending  lo  ovei-taUe 
-Ceneral  Clark,  until  the  24lh  Aiiirust.  ITsl,  nhoui  '.)  ».r  10 
o'eloek  ;  we  landed  on  tlu'  noi'th  hank  of  tho  Ohio  lor  t lie 
l)iir|H)se  of  f'ookini;-  ])reakt'ast  :  M'e  had  killed  a  iMittalo  the 
evening-  l)etore :  where  we  landed  was  near  ihe  mouth  of  tlu- 
]^ii,^  Miami.  As  we  were  kindling-  tlie  tires,  tlu-  Indians 
comnieneed  an  attack  upon  us;  there  wei'e  ahout  tortv  of  the 
whites  killed  and  the  rest  all  taken  ))risoners.  toL!;ether  with 
Colonel  Louu'hei-y  and  all  his  otticcrs;  in  about  two  hour^ 
after  we  were  taken,  one  of  the  Indians  tomahawked  Colonel 
L(;uu-herv  sitting' on  a  loii":  I  saw  him  after  he  was  killed. 
and  his  seal))  was  taken  off:  de|»oiu'nl  sailh  he  had  heen  in- 
timately aecpiainted  With  Colonel  Louuhei-y  for  some  vears 
l>efore  the  time  of  the  eampaiuMi  s|)oken  of:  knew  he  had  a 
wife  and  some  children:  does  iu)t  know  how  numy.  And 
further  saith  m)t. 

KZKKIEL   LkWIS. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  l)efore  me.  11th  March,  bs-ll. 

John  IJ.  Johnston. 
.1  ustice  of  the  Peace 

We  do  certify  that  we  have  been  intimately  ac(|uainted 
with  H/ekiel  Lewis,  the  foreicoiiiir  depoiuMil.  for  the  last 
twentv-tive  years,  ami  that  he  is  a  man  of  truth  ami  veracity, 
ami  that  he  is  so  ack  nowledu'ed  in  the  neiu'hliorhood  in 
whicdi  he  was  raised  siiu-e  the  time  we  have  been  acquainted 
with  liini. 

Witness  mv  hand  ami  seal.  11th  March.  1S44. 


John  11.  Johnston. 
Justice  of  the  Peace.        i 
HoHERT  C>K1{. 


'    l,.s,    ' 


State  of  Pennsvi.n  ania.  ) 


Ar.mstkon(!  Cor  NT  V 


) 


.ST 


I,  James  Douglass.  ])roihonotai'v  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  in  and  for  said  county,  do  certify  that  John  II.  John- 
ston, es«]uire.  before  whom  the  Avithin  (iej»osition  Avas  taken, 
was.  at  the  time  of  taking-  thesanu>.  an  actiui^  Justice  of  the 
peace  in  and  fey  said  countv.  duh- elected,  commissioiu'd  a  nd 


26 


I  (UOHEUY  a    DEFEAT. 


sworn,  to   all  wliosf  otticial  actH  as  such,  full  faith  and  ercdlt 

nw  due  and  ot   riulii   unu'lii    to  Ik'  <>;ivt'n.  as  well  throui^hout 

the  county  aforesaid  as   elsewhere;    and   that    his   sii,nialure 

thereto  is  irenuine  and  in  his  proper  handwritintf. 

I  -^    ^-^  I       In  teslimony  whei-eof  1  have    hereunto   set   my 

L.S.        hand  and  atlixt'd  the  seal  ot  said  county  at  Kittan- 

— -.^ —      ino.  ihe    llth   day   of  March,  in  the  year  of  our 

Lord  one  thousand  eii^ht  hundred  and  l()rtv-l'our. 

.1.  I)oi(U..\8S.  Prothonotarv. 
From  reports  of  Committees.  2nd  Sess..  2!Mh  Coni^;.  Xo.  lU). 
Same  l»e}iort  and  attidavits  made    IJeports   Coms.  1st  Sess. 
35  Contc.  Vol.  II.  2.S0.     April  17,  ISoS.     [Bill  JI.  R.  No.  504.} 


t 


I 


AN  ACCOUNT 


O  X' 


PIGEON  RDDST  MASSA 


Hv  .lirjoK  I.  Xavlok."- 


Tl»e  war  of  1812  forms  an  Importaut  era  in  Anu'rioaii  His- 
tory. At  this  eventt'iil  ])orio(l,  I  lived  at  my  tathev's  homo 
in  Chiviv  Couiity,  then  Indiana  TeiTitory,  neai*  ChaiMestown, 
tl\i'ee  miles  from  the  Ohio  river.  >[any  of  the  eilizens  of 
this  eoiinty  havini--  served  as  volunteers  under  (len.  Harri- 
son on  the  Tippoeanoe  eanijiai,u:n.  a  few  months  jirior  to  tlie 
deelaration  of  war.  had  imhihed  a  spirit  of  military  enthusi- 
asm, and  were  animated  by  feelini;-s  of  hostility  towai-ds 
(.Jreat  Britain  and  lier  savai>'e  allies.  They  h;id  hailed  the 
••Declaration  of  War."  as  a  second  -'DtU'lartition  of  Indepeiid- 
enee.""  and  had  manitestrd  thc'r  a])prol»ation  of  this  act  of 
tUe  Xational  lieu'islaturi'  by  i-ejoicinu;  and  illuminations. 

I'ndrr    tlu'   intluenct'   ot    these   feelinsj^s   and    tln>   s|)irit  of 
militai'V  ardor,  in    the    latter  part  of  Auijust   a  eompany  ot 

■■■Isaac  Nns  lor  was  ho  n  in  H()ckiiic;lKiiii  roiinty.  \irijinia,  in  17ft  >  He  was 
the  son  of  ,Jolin  and  I-lli/.ahctii  Nayiorof  an  excellent  family  on  hotli  sides. 
His  mother  was  the  only  sister  of  James,  .jolm  and  (  Inirlcs  lU'^'fis,  who  were 
|>iomimni  in  Indiana  Teiritorial  and  siat(>  atl'airs.  Ills  parents  nn)Vcd  to 
(.'harlestown.  Indiana,  when  lie  was  still  a  child.  In  1>1I7  he  .\  as  admi!  ted 
to  the  bar.  lli>  'Aas  in  the  militia  service  of  the  Indiami  Territory  from 
|si;5  to  IM  »  inclnsivi'.  and  fouuht  at  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe.  In  Is'-'d  he 
married  Catherine  Anderson,  danvdit  r  of  Cafdain  Robert  An  lerson  of  K  v- 
olutioiuir.v  faiMe.  He  moved  to  ( 'i  awfords\  ille  in  is.fi.aiul  was  i  n  is.^T  elected 
Jnd.c  of  the  twi  ifth  circnit,  ami  served  until  ISc'.  In  ISMi  he  was  elect d 
Jud^o  of  the  Court  of  Common  I'leas.  retlrin;?  to  jirivati,'  life  In  hil8.  IJe 
died  lit  CrawfordsviKe  Indiana,  Ai)rU  2ti,  I.n^. 


I 


28 


IMtiF.oN   H<i(i«;r    MASS  \<  l«F. 


iiumiiti'il  I'itlt'iiu'ii.  (■oiniiuiinlcd  Itv  ('apl.  I'iltiiiaii  iiun'cluil  l<' 
N'iiict'iiiK's  |(tr  till-  (li'loiK't'  dl"  tlu'  wt'sli'iii  ]M)iMi()ii  of  tlu' 
TciTitoi  y. 

AImhiI  tliis  time,  wi'  Icariu'd  that  (Icii,  liiill  liad  disi^raci'- 
I'lilly  siirrciHU'rrd  Ids  gallant  army  In  the  Hrilish  iM-iicral  a-< 
prisdiKTs  of  wai'.  Till'  news  of  this  cNciit  |ia>«s('d  ihroiii;'h 
iht'  'rt'ri'itory  like  an  (dcctric  shock.  iii>))iriiii:'  all  with  Icar- 
i'ld  for(dM»(|iiiii-s  ol'  Indian  dcpfcihilions  and  iniiiscriniinjitc 
slaiijihti'i"  ol   the  inhaltitant.s  alonu'  llu-  line  of  our  IVonticr. 

( )iir  ant  i<-i|ial  ion>  of  ini|H'ndin!j,'  «'\il  Wi'Vi'  ^oon  rcali/i-d. 
A  siinultant'oiis  attaci<  was  made  Ity  th«'  Indians  at  many 
)»oints  of  oui"  Iron!  i<'r  sett  U-nn-nls.  At  siinsi'l .  ahoiit  lhrtii'>i 
of  A  iiii'iisl.  >onn'  I'in'ht  oi"  ten  Indians  madi'  an  attack  on 
what  was  callcij  tlu'  l'ii;'con  IJoost  s«'tticmcnt.  tiflccii  miles 
li'om  ('harh'slow  II.  and  in  one  hrict  hoiii'  killed  ahoiil  twenty- 
three  persons,  inclinlinii'  men.  wonn-n  and  (ddldren.  some 
of  wh(»ni  were  consume(|  in  their  homes  w  her(>  t  hey  w  i-re 
mnrdi'ri'd,  r>ut  one  house  was  sin'<'esst'ully  (hdemled.  This 
Avas  the  house  ol'  .M  r.  ( 'ollinus,  ihe  lat  her  of  Ztdtulon  ( 'ollinu's. 
\']>i\..  who  has  wi'itleii  a  more  specitic  and  enlarged  account 
of  this  massacre. 

One  of  tiie  sons  of  Mr.  Coliinii's  was  at  work  in  a  fiehl.  and 
was  m(»rlally  wouiide(l  hi'tore  he  could  reaidi  Ids  i'atliei's 
<lweliinLr.  IIa'  was  found  in  a  da\'  oi'  two  in  a  Hax  house, 
and  dii'd  shoi'tly  atterwards. 

.\fter  scalpiuii:  ''ind  manuliiiij;  their  \ictims  in  a  most  lioi'ri- 
l)le  mainmr.  the  Ii.dians  then  piundei'ed  and  set  tire  to  the 
ileuses  and  consuini'd  them  to  asln-s. 

1  heard  the  news  of  this  niournfu!  event  al»out  In  o"clo(d< 
in  tlu'  morniiiii-  ot  \\\v  next  day  alter  it  had  ot'curred.  and 
having;  my  ritle.  |)owder  and  hullels  in  oi-der  in  thirty  min- 
utes 1  was  on  my  horse  mai'(ddnn'  towartl  \\\v  Tiueon  IJeosl. 
I  was  soon  in  eompany  with  many  mounted  I'iflemen  wjiom 
I  found  on  the  i-oad.  We  arrived  at  the  ill-tated  spot  ahout 
■J  p.  m..  oui'  c(uupany  liaNdno-  iiicreasiMJ  to  the  niimhei"  of  two 
<'!•  thri'*.'  hundred  mounted  riMemen. 

Oh.  what  a  mournful  scene  ot  <lesolation.  carmiu'e  :ind 
<lc>ath  met  our  vision,  as  we  hidudd  the  sniokinji'  laiiiis  of  loi^- 
i'ahins  and  the  manirletl  hodies  of  men.  and  women,  and 
(dnldrt'i),  their  once  ha]>py  inmates.' !  I  had  st'cii  the  Tippe- 
<'aiioe  l>attle-tields  sti'ewn  with  dead  ami  dyiiii;'  soldie'i-s. 
They  ha<llalU'n  in  tieadly  strife  with  a  saxau'o  toi-  whom  they 
]iad  eomjiierecl.     'riioy    had    lallon   in    tho   soldier's   eoslume, 


I 


I'lilKiiN    l<iM»sl"    .M.\S>  \<  lu;. 


21> 


M  >o|(li«'r*s  jii'iiioi'.  Tlicv  wiTt'  ciitiili'il  III  ;i  soldirrs  uTiivc. 
N(»l  s(i  ill  ihc  I'iiiToii  luMisi  iiiasMicri'.  IIcit  all  were 
iliHiiiirtl  (()  iiitli>ci'iiniii;itf  >«l.'i iiu'litcr.  Ii'dih  iIh'  sucUlino-  lialu* 
It)  llu'  liujii'N  lu'a<l('<|  i^'raml  iiiot lici' and  ti'raml  siri'.  Nriilici' 
au'c.  nor  st'N.  nor  licaiitv,  nor  innocriicr  coiild  slav  llu-  hand 
ot  ilu'  merciless  savaye. 

Till'  I'iu'eoii  IJnusi  sett  ItMin-nl  \\a«-  eontined  lo  jr^s  tlian  a 
scelioii  ot  land.  It  \\;is  a  lertile  s|m>i  in  the  midst  ot  siir 
rounding"  st-rilii  v.  Itsfcrlilitv  wa^dnelo  ihc  ro()>t  ini!,' td 
|»ij;"eon>  there  !()!•  a  loni;'  scries  ol"  vears.  |i  w  a-^  detaehed 
t'r<»m  the  main  selllciiient  hv  an  inti'rxenin^' distanee  oj'  ti\e 
miles. 

A  .Mrs,  lical.  wliosi-  luislpand  \va">  :i  soliintecr  in  ('ajitain 
I'ilman's  eonipany  at  \  ineennex.  hearing:,"  tin-  \r\\>.  ot'  the 
Indians,  rctireil  Iruin  her  lou'calnn,  with  her  two  infants,  to 
a  sink  hole  in  a  <  orntii-id.  and  I'emained  t  here  till  nine  or  ten 
o'clock  at  nii;-ht.  when  >he  Ict't  hiM'  liidinu'  plaec  ami  traveled 
;•■  loiu'lv  path  to  the  main  settlement,  where  -^hc  arrived  in 
sati'ty  with  hci"  (dii Idren.  at  two  oclock  the  ne\i  nnirninn". 
exhihit inu' a  presene*'  ot  niiiid  ami  a  di'i^'rcc  of  moral  coiiiaii;*.' 
hiii'hly  hoiioi'ahle  to  temalc  characler. 

Ahinit  this  time  an  attack  was  made  on  h'ort  Harrison  I'V 
M  thousand  or  twcl\c  hiiiidi'e<l  Indians.  The  i^arrixm.  eon- 
si>iiiin-,)t'  a  cmnpaiiy  ol'  I',  S.  Iiit'aniry  wa-^  commanded  h\ 
<'a|ii  Za(liar_\  Taylor,  now  .Major  ( Icneral  Ta\  lor  coniinand 
inii'thc  ('.  S.  A  rm_\  in  Me.\ic,>.  The  l-'opt  w  as  most  ^Mllanl  ly 
and  siicces^t'ully  deiemleil.  ami  al'ler  a  sie^-*'  ol'  five  days  the 
I  n«lians  ret  ire<|.  .\\  threeo'idock  in  I  he  al'tcrnoon  wctonnd 
the  I  ml  ia  IIS  t  rail  and  )iiirsiic(l  ii  t  ill  dark,  and  t  hen  cm  am  pel. 
l''iiidiim"  llial  1  he  Indians  had  IctI  the  l*iu'coii  li'oo>t  early  in 
I  he  nKtriiiiiu'.  \\e  retiirneil  hmiie.  In  two  or  ihi'ce  day--  a 
lai'u'e  niiniher  of  hrav'e  Kent iickians  came  to  our  as>i>iance. 
They  were  all  iiioniite(|  rilleineii.  an.\ioii>  to  a\  eiiire  I  he  deal  h 
ortlio>.c  iint'ort  imale  iidiahilants  who  had  heeii  murdered  at 
l*iii,'»>oii  lJoo>|.and  the\'  Were  Joined  hy  a  laru'c  niiiiihcr  oi' 
lieliana  nioiinli d  ritleiiicii.  who  comnieiiecd  an  cNpedition 
ai:";iiii>^t  the  helawiirc  Tow  n>.  located  on  the  wevi  iu'amdi  of 
White  river.  In  at  tein  jit  in^'  a  military  ori^-aiiv.at  ion,  the  e,\- 
peilitimi  failed  throni^'h  the  amlutiou  ot  a  lew  men  who 
desired  to  have  the  comniand  of  the  troops  We  then  dis- 
persed ami  retireil  to  oiir  homes,  limliiii;-  a  i!;etu'ral  ]»aiiic 
ann)ii<j;  tlu-  people,  many  of  whom  had  lelt  tluMr  homes  and 
a'one  to  KMitii(d<y. 

The  court,  honso  ut  Charlcstow  ii  was  couvcrled  into  u  fori 


30 


TMOFON-HOOST    MASSAf^RK. 


iov  the  protoi'lion  of  the  low.,  and  its  vi.-initv.  Forts  woro 
oivctoii  all  lUoiii.-  the  h'lic  of  urn-  fn.ntici-  set  t  I.'miumiIs  Thov 
^^■i^vc  .i^amsoiKHl  hy  the  inillitia  ot  the  Torritorv.  whoso  duiV 
It  \vus  to  rai.nv  iVoin  one  fort  to  the  other,  iiiilil  thesprin---  n\ 
]S1.».  when  the  ('.  S.  liai.uers  wnit  into  service  In  "the 
early  part  ot  Mareh.  1S|;!.  the  Indians  killed  a  Mr.  llumnaii 
woun.UMJ  Ins  wife,  and  took  his  o-rand-so,,  prisoner  in  da^ 
i.U'ht.  in  sio-h(  „r  one  of  the  forts,  ei-hr,  miles  from  Charle.- 
town. 

Thepn'eedino-  ishut  a  hrief  and  imperfect  sketch  of  the 
Avar  scenes  oi  1S12  and  "K?  as  thev  appeared  in  a  portion  .>f 
Indiana.  ' 


in. 


PIGEON-ROOST  MASSACRE 


A.   W.   Tmiii\-<.   in   Mum-UN  r..ri;iKH. 


i 


_    Pipon    IJoost    Avns  the  iiaino  of  a  siiini;  siMlU'iiiem  Ioi-iiumI 
HI  1S()!».  arul  was  so  calKMl  froiii  iho    iiiiniiiU'i-al)U'   iiuinlx'i- ol 
jMircM.ii.s  that  roostt'.l  ill   that  viriuiiv.       It    was   situalcl  five 
miU's  south  of  Scottshiir--.  tht'   |)ivsent  count  v-scat   of  Scott 
and  near  a   hcautiful  stivain  that  hcai-s  the  nicinoi-ahh'  nanic 
until  this  (hiy.      At  the  lime  of  the  niassaciv  most  of  the  iik'h 
^vcre  away   troni    home.      In    thi-  afternoon   of  Se|>t.   ;j.    iSli'. 
Kills  Payne  and   a    Mi-.    Collinu-s.  Aviiile   out    hee-hiintiim- oiu" 
and  a  hall    miles  from  the    |)resenl  site  ol'  \'ieiiiia.  were  siir- 
pi'ised  and  killed  by  a  party  of  Shawnee  warriors.      Sralpiiiu' 
tlieir  victims,   they    hastened    toward    tln^  settlement,  which 
Ihoy  reached  about   sundown.      In  oin>  short    jiour  one  man, 
tive    Avomen    and   sixteen   childi-en  were  si  ruck  di'ad   bv  the 
ruthless   tomahawk    of  the  liendish    savau^s.       Ainoii.."    the 
killed  wore    Henry   ("ollin-s  an<l   wile.  .Mrs.    I'aviie  aiul  her 
oiu-ht   children.  Mrs.  (."ollinirs  and   her  seven   criildren.    .Mrs. 
.lohn  Xorris.  her  only  (diild  ami  a.<>-ed  mother-in  law-  (i)r  the 
a,ue<l  were  sjiariMl  no  more  than  the  iiitani.      Mrs.  Hiu-n-s  con- 
cealed herselt  and   childrcMi  in   a   sink-hole,  uniil  thel'mlians 
became  busily  enu-auvd    in   burniiii;-  and    |)lunderiiio-.    ujk-,, 
she    i\v(\,    and   succeeded    in    reachini>-   the    residence  of    Uov 
brother.     .lohn  Collinjrs.  son  ot  William  K.  Collinii-s.  had  jusi 
<'au,u-ht    a  horse  to  iro  after  the  cows,  when  he  saw  an  Im'lian 
:»j)proachiiio-  ii,  a  t hivatenini,^  attitude,      lie  drojiped  the  rem 
and    fled,  jMirsued    by    the   savaiTc  who   was  iraini  111,^)11  him 
when    ho    heard   the  report   of  his  lather's  rifle,  and  saw  the 
savaire   fall   with    the   ])loo<l   streaming  from  his  breast.      He 
..succoodod  in  roacdiiiiir  the  house  in  safetv.     There  was  in  the 
house:  William  iv  Collinirs   .whom    the'  [ndiaiis  well  knew, 
iuui  tro7ii  Ills  unerriiii»:  aim  nanuMl  J.onn;  Knife ».  his  two  chil- 
<lren.  .lohn  and  i.ydia,  and  Ca]»tain  Norris.     Thev    ke])t  the 
Indiana  back  until  about  dark.     Thev  knew  that*  as  soon  as 


I'K  i  Kl  ).\  -  Hue  IST    M  ASS  AC  U  K. 


it  was   (lark    oii()Ui;li    toi-   the   Indians  lo  aiiproiich  llio  lioiiso 

without  hoiiii>-  schmi.  tht-y  uoiihl  sci  tii\'  lo  it,  and  l)iii'n  tlieni 

alivi'.     Thi'v   theivl'orc   (k'rided   to    risk   thcporil   ot   cs{'U})0. 

Lydia  wont  lii'st.  then  iu'r  brother  John,  followed  by  Xor.  !s, 

and   lastly.   '-Loni::   l-viiile."     As   the   latter  was  passin*:;   the 

•  ■orn-eril)  an    Indian    tii'ed   at    him.      He   immediately-   raised 

his  u-im  to  reluiMi   the  tire   when  he  loiind  that  (he   ball    tired 

by  the  savaii;e  had  broken  the   lock   ol'his  o'un.      lie  hjillooed 

to  Norris  to  bi-inu,'  him  the  other  gun.  but  Norris  was  like  the 

irishman,  -"lie  had  a  brave  heart.  l)Ul  eowardly  pair  of  lei>-s." 

and    they    earrieil    him    away,  ieavini;-   ('oUinjjjs   to  ti<j;;ht   the 

hnlians  ;-,lone  with  a  broken  icun.      When  they  crowded  him 

too  elose  bv  would  I'aise    his    u'un    and    )>i-elend   tliat    be   was 

U'oini>;  lo  tirt'.  and   thus  Iriu-jiten  them  luudc:  foi'  they  knew, 

from    the    many    shoot injj;-matches    in    wbi(di    he    eame    out 

second  t(»  none,  that  it  was  tolly  to  stand  before  '....  aim.      In 

this  way  he  rea^died  tlie  corn  ticld.  under  co\ci'  of  which  he- 

esca]>ed.      After  plundcrinu"  the  houses  the  Indians  set  tire  to 

them   and    most  of  the   dead    bodies  beinic  witiun  tlu'  houses 

were  thus  consumed.      However,  some  of   the  children    were 

pierce(l  by  shai'p  >ticks  and  lelt  sit t iuii,- a^'ainst  trees.      Tiieir 

horriUle   i\v(u\    accomplished,  t  lie  1  ndians  starte(|  ncu'thward. 

A    laru'c  force  y){'  Clark    County   militia   wei-e  soon    u-athcred 

from  the   vicinity    ot    Charleston,  which  reached  tin' scene  of 

carnau'c.  while  l  he  sm(»kinu-  remains  of  the  caiiins  ang  charred 

bodies    pi-esented    the    m.ist    horriltle  spectacle  1  hey  had  ever 

wi!in'sse<l.      ^riiey   imniediately   pursue<l    the    sava,i>;es    to   the 

.M  nseataluck.  which    they    found   so    much    swollen  that  the\' 

could  not  etfcct   a   ero>sinii-.  and   were  compelled    to  u'ive    up 

the   pursuit.     They   then   reiurned    ami    buried   the    rtunaiiis 

ol'  the   \ictims    in    two  ui'avi's.  abcMit  nne  humlred  yai'ds  east 

ol  the.l.  .M.  iV   1.  railrorcl.  and    near   what    is   since  known  as 

the    lMi!,"e(ni -roost   or  Sod(nM    Cenn-lery.      At  jweseiit    tliei'c    is 

nolhimr  t(^  show  when' the  o-raves  are.  except    three  or    foui" 

roui;-h  sioncN  and  a  laru'c  sassafras  tree.  whi(  h  is  said  to  lu'.ve 

witnessed  the  event.  l)ul  is  now  ihouu-lu  to  be  entireU'   dead. 


